A nurse is caring for a client with a urine specific gravity of less than 1.005, polyuria, and nocturia. The nurse recognizes that which of the following physiologic findings is the likely cause?

Increased insulin production

Increased adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Low levels of T3, T4

Insufficient antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Increased insulin production would not cause polyuria and low specific gravity urine; rather, hyperglycemia from lack of insulin can cause high specific gravity due to glucose in urine.
B. Increased ACTH affects cortisol production but is not directly related to urine concentration or polyuria.
C. Low T3 and T4 levels are associated with hypothyroidism, which typically does not cause polyuria or decreased specific gravity.
D. Insufficient ADH, as seen in diabetes insipidus, leads to the inability to concentrate urine, resulting in a low specific gravity, polyuria, and nocturia due to excessive water loss.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Calcium binders are used to help decrease the amount of calcium absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, thus lowering calcium levels in the blood.
B. Vitamin D supplements would actually increase calcium levels by enhancing intestinal absorption, so this option is not appropriate in hypercalcemia.
C. Administering fluids helps to dilute serum calcium levels and promote renal excretion of calcium, making it a priority treatment.
D. Furosemide (Lasix) can help promote diuresis, thereby increasing the excretion of calcium through the urine, which is beneficial in managing hypercalcemia.
E. Oral phosphates may be used in some cases to manage hypercalcemia, but they are not a first-line treatment and their administration should be carefully considered in conjunction with other treatments.

A. Ensure that the vest supporting the halo device is snug and properly aligned. B. Apply a thick layer of zinc oxide cream around the pin sites. C. Pad the areas of skin breakdown with foam dressing to reduce friction and pressure. D. Loosen the halo device to reduce pressure on the skin.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While ensuring proper alignment is important, it does not address the existing skin breakdown and irritation.
B. Applying zinc oxide cream may not be appropriate as it can trap moisture, potentially worsening the skin condition around pin sites.
C. Padding the areas of skin breakdown with foam dressing is an appropriate intervention as it can provide cushioning, reduce friction, and protect the skin from further injury.
D. Loosening the halo device could compromise the stabilization it provides and may not effectively address skin integrity issues.

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A nurse is caring for a client with a urine specific gravity of less than 1.005, polyuria, and nocturia. The nurse recognizes that which of the following physiologic findings is the likely cause?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia. The nurse should expect to administer which of the following priority treatments? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is providing care for a client with a halo device. The client has developed skin breakdown and irritation around the pin sites. Which intervention is most appropriate for the nurse to implement to prevent further skin complications?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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