A nurse is caring for a client with a urine specific gravity of less than 1.005, polyuria, and nocturia. The nurse recognizes that which of the following physiologic findings is the likely cause?

Increased insulin production

Increased adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Low levels of T3, T4

Insufficient antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Increased insulin production would not cause polyuria and low specific gravity urine; rather, hyperglycemia from lack of insulin can cause high specific gravity due to glucose in urine.
B. Increased ACTH affects cortisol production but is not directly related to urine concentration or polyuria.
C. Low T3 and T4 levels are associated with hypothyroidism, which typically does not cause polyuria or decreased specific gravity.
D. Insufficient ADH, as seen in diabetes insipidus, leads to the inability to concentrate urine, resulting in a low specific gravity, polyuria, and nocturia due to excessive water loss.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While pain level assessment is important, it is not the priority immediately after a significant brain injury where neurological changes may occur.
B. Wound site assessment is also essential but does not take precedence over neurological assessment in this context.
C. A neurological assessment is the priority to identify any changes in the client's condition that may indicate complications such as increased intracranial pressure, which can occur after brain surgery.
D. Respiratory status assessment is important but is usually addressed through monitoring and interventions related to neurological function, as brain injuries can affect respiratory drive and function.

A. Hormone replacement B. Dopamine Agonists C. Levothyroxine medications D. Corticosteroids

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hormone replacement is generally used to supplement deficiencies rather than inhibit excess hormone release.
B. Dopamine agonists, such as bromocriptine, are used to inhibit the release of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary, which is beneficial in treating acromegaly, a condition caused by excess growth hormone.
C. Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone replacement and is not effective in controlling pituitary hormone release.
D. Corticosteroids do not inhibit growth hormone release and are typically used to manage inflammation rather than for pituitary hormone control.

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A nurse is caring for a client with a urine specific gravity of less than 1.005, polyuria, and nocturia. The nurse recognizes that which of the following physiologic findings is the likely cause?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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