A nurse is caring for a client with acute renal failure. What is the primary pathophysiological process that leads to decreased urine output in this condition?
Increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Obstruction of the urethra.
Impaired blood flow to the kidneys.
Excessive fluid intake.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Incorrect. Increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) would lead to increased urine output, not decreased urine output.
B. Incorrect. Obstruction of the urethra would cause postrenal acute renal failure and may lead to urinary retention, but it would not cause decreased urine output in prerenal or intrinsic acute renal failure.
C. Correct. In prerenal and intrinsic acute renal failure, impaired blood flow to the kidneys reduces the perfusion of nephrons, leading to decreased urine output.
D. Incorrect. Excessive fluid intake may contribute to fluid overload and decreased urine output in prerenal acute renal failure, but it is not the primary pathophysiological process that leads to decreased urine output.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Incorrect. Increasing the rate of dialysis may further lower the client's blood pressure and worsen the situation.
B. Incorrect. Administering an antihypertensive medication during a hypotensive episode could exacerbate the client's low blood pressure.
C. Correct. The nurse's priority action is to stop the dialysis procedure immediately and notify the healthcare provider of the significant drop in blood pressure. The client may be experiencing a hypotensive episode, which requires prompt evaluation and intervention.
D. Incorrect. Increasing the client's
fluid intake is not appropriate during a hypotensive episode, as it may not rapidly improve blood pressure and could lead to fluid overload.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Correct. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE. inhibitors can contribute to prerenal acute renal failure, especially in clients with preexisting cardiovascular disease. These medications may cause vasodilation and decrease blood flow to the kidneys, leading to impaired kidney function.
B. Incorrect. Beta-blockers are not directly associated with prerenal acute renal failure.
C. Incorrect. Calcium channel blockers are not typically associated with prerenal acute renal failure.
D. Incorrect. Thiazide diuretics may cause electrolyte imbalances and metabolic disturbances, but they are not a common cause of prerenal acute renal failure.
QUESTIONS
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.