A nurse is assessing a client with acute renal failure for signs of fluid overload. Which clinical manifestation is associated with fluid overload in this client?
Hypotension and tachycardia.
Dry mucous membranes and decreased skin turgor.
Crackles in the lungs and edema in the extremities.
Hypoactive bowel sounds and constipation.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Incorrect. Hypotension and tachycardia are more commonly associated with fluid depletion, not fluid overload.
B. Incorrect. Dry mucous membranes and decreased skin turgor are signs of dehydration, which is not indicative of fluid overload.
C. Correct. Fluid overload in acute renal failure can lead to pulmonary congestion and edema in the extremities. Crackles in the lungs (rales) are auscultated when there is fluid accumulation in the lung tissue, and edema in the extremities is visible swelling caused by excessive fluid retention.
D. Incorrect. Hypoactive bowel sounds and constipation are not directly related to fluid overload in acute renal failure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Correct. Erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) are commonly used to treat anemia in clients with renal failure. These medications stimulate the production of red blood cells and help manage anemia associated with kidney dysfunction.
B. Incorrect. Anticoagulants such as heparin are not used to treat anemia; they are prescribed to prevent blood clotting and thrombosis.
C. Incorrect. Loop diuretics are used to promote diuresis and manage fluid overload in clients with acute renal failure; they do not treat anemia.
D. Incorrect. Antihypertensive agents are prescribed to manage hypertension and do not treat anemia in clients with renal failure.
QUESTIONS
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Incorrect. Acute renal failure is not a chronic condition; it is an acute condition that develops rapidly and is typically reversible with prompt treatment.
B. Incorrect. While long-term uncontrolled diabetes can lead to chronic kidney disease, acute renal failure is not caused by chronic kidney damage related to diabetes.
C. Correct. Acute renal failure, also known as acute kidney injury (AKI), is characterized by a sudden and temporary loss of kidney function. It is often caused by factors such as decreased blood flow to the kidneys, kidney damage, or obstruction of the urinary tract.
D. Incorrect. While the statement is partially true, it does not capture the acute and sudden nature of acute renal failure. The inability of the kidneys to filter waste products from the blood is one of the manifestations of AKI.
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