A nurse is caring for a client with anemia due to increased RBC destruction.
What condition might have caused this type of anemia in the client?
Iron deficiency.
Vitamin B12 deficiency.
Autoimmune disease.
Bone marrow disorder.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
Iron deficiency Iron deficiency anemia is characterized by a decrease in the body's iron stores, which results in reduced hemoglobin synthesis and decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells (RBCs)
This condition is typically caused by insufficient dietary iron intake, malabsorption of iron, or blood loss, but it does not involve increased RBC destruction.
Therefore, iron deficiency is not the correct choice for the cause of anemia in this client.
Choice B rationale:
Vitamin B12 deficiency Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to a type of anemia known as megaloblastic anemia, which is characterized by larger-than-normal RBCs and inadequate hemoglobin production.
However, this condition is not typically associated with increased RBC destruction.
Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia is usually caused by inadequate dietary intake, malabsorption, or certain medical conditions affecting vitamin B12 absorption, but it does not fit the scenario described in the question.
Therefore, vitamin B12 deficiency is not the correct choice for the cause of anemia in this client.
Choice C rationale:
Autoimmune disease (Correct Choice) Autoimmune diseases can lead to hemolytic anemias, a group of disorders characterized by the premature destruction of RBCs by the immune system.
In these conditions, the immune system mistakenly recognizes RBCs as foreign invaders and targets them for destruction.
This process results in anemia due to increased RBC destruction.
Conditions such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) are examples of autoimmune diseases that can cause hemolytic anemia.
Therefore, autoimmune disease is the correct choice for the cause of anemia in this client.
Choice D rationale:
Bone marrow disorder Bone marrow disorders, such as aplastic anemia or myelodysplastic syndrome, can lead to anemia by affecting the production of RBCs in the bone marrow.
However, these disorders do not typically involve increased RBC destruction.
Instead, they result in a decreased production of RBCs, leading to anemia.
Therefore, a bone marrow disorder is not the correct choice for the cause of anemia in this client.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Restless legs syndrome is not typically associated with iron-deficiency anemia.
The hallmark clinical manifestations of iron-deficiency anemia include pallor, spoon-shaped nails (koilonychia), fatigue, weakness, and cold intolerance.
Restless legs syndrome is characterized by uncomfortable sensations in the legs and an irresistible urge to move them, which is unrelated to iron-deficiency anemia.
Choice B rationale:
High transferrin saturation is not an expected clinical manifestation of iron-deficiency anemia.
In fact, iron-deficiency anemia is characterized by a decrease in transferrin saturation.
Transferrin saturation is a measure of the iron-carrying capacity of transferrin in the blood.
In iron-deficiency anemia, the body struggles to adequately transport iron, leading to low transferrin saturation.
Choice C rationale:
Normal white blood cell count is not a typical clinical manifestation of iron-deficiency anemia.
Iron-deficiency anemia primarily affects red blood cells and their ability to carry oxygen.
While anemia may lead to fatigue and weakness, it does not directly impact white blood cell counts.
Choice D rationale:
Elevated serum iron levels are not expected in iron-deficiency anemia.
In fact, iron-deficiency anemia is characterized by low serum iron levels due to insufficient iron stores in the body.
Elevated serum iron levels may be seen in other types of anemia or conditions, but they are not a hallmark of iron-deficiency anemia.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Chronic gastrointestinal bleeding is a common cause of iron-deficiency anemia.
Blood loss from the gastrointestinal tract leads to the loss of iron, ultimately depleting iron stores in the body and impairing hemoglobin synthesis.
Choice B rationale:
High serum iron levels are not a potential cause of iron-deficiency anemia.
Iron-deficiency anemia is characterized by low serum iron levels, as the body lacks sufficient iron to produce hemoglobin.
Choice C rationale:
Inadequate dietary intake of iron can lead to iron-deficiency anemia, especially in individuals who do not consume enough iron-rich foods.
A lack of dietary iron can result in reduced iron absorption and insufficient iron stores in the body.
Choice D rationale:
Elevated serum ferritin levels are not a potential cause of iron-deficiency anemia.
In fact, elevated serum ferritin levels are more indicative of iron overload conditions rather than iron deficiency.
Choice E rationale:
Increased erythropoietic activity can be a compensatory response to iron-deficiency anemia.
When the body senses low oxygen-carrying capacity due to reduced hemoglobin levels, it may increase erythropoietin production, leading to the production of more red blood cells (erythropoiesis) in an attempt to improve oxygen delivery to tissues.
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