A nurse is caring for a client with asthma who is prescribed metoprolol. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following?

Increased respiratory rate

Bronchodilation

Decreased sputum production

Wheezing

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Increased respiratory rate is not a sign of adverse reaction to metoprolol, but rather a normal response to hypoxia or distress. Metoprolol is a betablocker that can lower the heart rate and blood pressure, but it does not affect the respiratory rate directly.

Choice B reason: Bronchodilation is not a sign of adverse reaction to metoprolol, but rather a desired effect of asthma medications such as betaagonists or anticholinergics. Metoprolol is a betablocker that can block the beta receptors in the lungs, which can cause bronchoconstriction or narrowing of the airways. This is why metoprolol is contraindicated or used with caution in clients with asthma.

Choice C reason: Decreased sputum production is not a sign of adverse reaction to metoprolol, but rather a result of effective asthma management. Metoprolol is a betablocker that does not have any direct effect on the mucus secretion or inflammation in the lungs.

Choice D reason: Wheezing is a sign of adverse reaction to metoprolol, as it indicates bronchoconstriction or narrowing of the airways. Metoprolol is a betablocker that can block the beta receptors in the lungs, which can reduce the bronchodilation effect of beta agonists or other asthma medications. This can worsen the asthma symptoms and cause wheezing, coughing, dyspnea, or chest tightness. The nurse should monitor the client for these signs and report them to the prescriber immediately.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Distributing the doses evenly throughout the day may increase the risk of daytime sedation and impair the client's ability to perform daily activities. Diphenhydramine is a sedating antihistamine that causes drowsiness and reduces alertness.

Choice B reason: This is correct. Taking most of the daily dose at bedtime may minimize daytime sedation and help the client sleep better at night. Diphenhydramine is often used as a short-term treatment for insomnia.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Taking the medication with meals does not affect the sedative effect of diphenhydramine. It may only reduce the risk of stomach upset, which is not a common side effect of diphenhydramine.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Gradually decreasing the dose once tolerance to the effect is reached may not be advisable, as it may reduce the effectiveness of the medication for relieving pruritus. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that blocks the action of histamine, a chemical that causes itching and inflammation in allergic reactions.

A. Dry mouth B. Constricted bronchioles C. Increased heart rate D. Dilated pupils

Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is correct. Dry mouth is a common side effect of anticholinergic drugs. It occurs because anticholinergic drugs block the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that stimulates the secretion of saliva and other fluids in the body. Dry mouth can cause discomfort, bad breath, and increased risk of dental problems¹.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Constricted bronchioles are not a side effect of anticholinergic drugs. In fact, anticholinergic drugs can cause the opposite effect: dilated bronchioles. This is because anticholinergic drugs block the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that causes the smooth muscles of the airways to contract. Dilated bronchioles can improve breathing and reduce wheezing in people with respiratory disorders, such as asthma or COPD.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Increased heart rate is not a side effect of anticholinergic drugs. In fact, anticholinergic drugs can cause the opposite effect: decreased heart rate. This is because anticholinergic drugs block the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that slows down the heart rate and lowers the blood pressure. Decreased heart rate can be beneficial for people with certain heart conditions, such as atrial fibrillation or tachycardia.

Choice D reason: This is correct. Dilated pupils are a common side effect of anticholinergic drugs. It occurs because anticholinergic drugs block the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that controls the muscles of the iris, which regulate the size of the pupils. Dilated pupils can cause blurred vision, sensitivity to light, and difficulty focusing.

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A nurse is caring for a client with asthma who is prescribed metoprolol. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed diphenhydramine to relieve pruritus. The client asks the nurse how he can minimize the daytime sedation he is experiencing. Which of the following responses should the nurse give?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse understands that an anticholinergic drug will produce which of the following effects?

Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

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