A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with infectious endocarditis. The nurse is aware that which of the following are potential assessment findings? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Osler Nodes

Splinter Hemorrhages

Petechial Hemorrhaging

Janeway Lesions

Fever with Chills

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D,E

A. Osler Nodes – These are tender, painful nodules on the fingers and toes, a classic sign of infective endocarditis.
B. Splinter Hemorrhages – Tiny blood clots under the fingernails occur due to microembolization from infected heart valves.
C. Petechial Hemorrhaging – Small red or purple spots on the skin or mucous membranes occur due to embolization of infected material.
D. Janeway Lesions – Painless, flat, red spots on the palms and soles caused by microemboli.
E. Fever with Chills – A common systemic symptom due to infection and inflammation.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Hypertensive crisis is not a direct complication of atrial fibrillation. It is typically caused by uncontrolled hypertension rather than arrhythmias.
B. Cardiogenic shock can occur in severe heart failure but is not a primary complication of atrial fibrillation.
C. Embolic cerebral vascular accident (stroke) is a major risk for clients with atrial fibrillation. The irregular atrial contractions allow blood to pool in the atria, increasing the risk of clot formation. If a clot dislodges, it can travel to the brain and cause a stroke.
D. Flash pulmonary edema is a complication of acute decompensated heart failure but is not directly caused by atrial fibrillation.

A. Dyspnea B. Anorexia C. Malaise D. Fever

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Dyspnea is the priority finding as it may indicate heart failure or pulmonary embolism, both of which are life-threatening complications of infective endocarditis.
B. Anorexia is a common symptom but is not an immediate threat to the client's condition.
C. Malaise is a general symptom of infection but does not require urgent intervention.
D. Fever is a hallmark sign of infection but is not as critical as assessing for complications such as heart failure or embolic events.

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A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with infectious endocarditis. The nurse is aware that which of the following are potential assessment findings? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with heart failure and atrial fibrillation. The client reports feeling palpitations and shortness of breath. The nurse is aware that clients with atrial fibrillation are at risk for which complication?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with infective endocarditis. The nurse is aware that which of the following is the priority assessment finding for this patient?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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