A nurse is caring for a patient with CKD who has a hemoglobin level of 8.8 g/dL. Which treatment is expected? (Normal Hgb is 11.6 to 16 g/dL)

Erythropoietin Injection.

Packed Red Blood Cells Transfusion

Intravenous Iron Infusion

Platelet Transfusion

Bone Marrow Transplant

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

(A) Erythropoietin Injection: CKD patients often develop anemia due to reduced erythropoietin production by the kidneys. Administering synthetic erythropoietin stimulates red blood cell production.

(B) Packed Red Blood Cells Transfusion: Reserved for severe anemia (Hgb < 7 g/dL) or symptomatic cases, not mild anemia.

(C) Intravenous Iron Infusion: Used if iron deficiency is present, but erythropoietin deficiency is the main issue in CKD anemia.

(D) Platelet Transfusion: Platelets are used for bleeding disorders, not anemia.

(E) Bone Marrow Transplant: Not a treatment for CKD-related anemia, which is not caused by bone marrow failure.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

(A) Constipation: Hypocalcemia causes increased GI motility, leading to diarrhea, not constipation.

(B) Trousseau's sign: Carpal spasm when inflating a BP cuff is a classic sign of hypocalcemia.

(C) Positive Chvostek’s sign: Facial twitching when tapping the facial nerve suggests hypocalcemia.

(D) Muscle spasms: Hypocalcemia increases neuromuscular excitability, leading to spasms and cramps.

(E) Shortened QT interval: Hypocalcemia prolongs the QT interval, while hypercalcemia shortens it.

A. Serum Glucose Levels B. Heart Rate C. Respiration Rate D. Urine Output E. Serum Potassium Levels

Correct Answer is ["D","E"]

Explanation

(A) Serum Glucose Levels: Mannitol does not significantly affect glucose metabolism.

(B) Heart Rate: It does not directly impact heart rate, though secondary effects like dehydration may influence it.

(C) Respiration Rate: Mannitol does not directly impact respiratory function.

(D) Urine Output: Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that increases urine output. Monitoring urine output helps assess the drug’s effectiveness and prevent dehydration or hypovolemia.

(E) Serum Potassium Levels: Mannitol causes diuresis, which can lead to electrolyte imbalances, including hypokalemia. Monitoring potassium levels helps prevent complications like arrhythmias.

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A nurse is caring for a patient with CKD who has a hemoglobin level of 8.8 g/dL. Which treatment is expected? (Normal Hgb is 11.6 to 16 g/dL)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which clinical findings are consistent with hypocalcemia? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

A patient is prescribed mannitol for increased intracranial pressure. What should the nurse monitor? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["D","E"]

Explanation

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