A patient is prescribed mannitol for increased intracranial pressure. What should the nurse monitor? (Select all that apply)
Serum Glucose Levels
Heart Rate
Respiration Rate
Urine Output
Serum Potassium Levels
Correct Answer : D,E
(A) Serum Glucose Levels: Mannitol does not significantly affect glucose metabolism.
(B) Heart Rate: It does not directly impact heart rate, though secondary effects like dehydration may influence it.
(C) Respiration Rate: Mannitol does not directly impact respiratory function.
(D) Urine Output: Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that increases urine output. Monitoring urine output helps assess the drug’s effectiveness and prevent dehydration or hypovolemia.
(E) Serum Potassium Levels: Mannitol causes diuresis, which can lead to electrolyte imbalances, including hypokalemia. Monitoring potassium levels helps prevent complications like arrhythmias.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
(A) Magnesium is 2.0 mEq/L: Normal range (1.5-2.5 mEq/L), not concerning.
(B) Sodium Level is 136 mEq/L: Normal range (135-145 mEq/L), no immediate risk.
(C) Calcium is 10.1 mEq/L: Normal range (8.5-10.5 mEq/L), not a concern.
(D) Potassium Level is 6.1 mEq/L: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, and hyperkalemia can lead to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
(A) Erythropoietin Injection: CKD patients often develop anemia due to reduced erythropoietin production by the kidneys. Administering synthetic erythropoietin stimulates red blood cell production.
(B) Packed Red Blood Cells Transfusion: Reserved for severe anemia (Hgb < 7 g/dL) or symptomatic cases, not mild anemia.
(C) Intravenous Iron Infusion: Used if iron deficiency is present, but erythropoietin deficiency is the main issue in CKD anemia.
(D) Platelet Transfusion: Platelets are used for bleeding disorders, not anemia.
(E) Bone Marrow Transplant: Not a treatment for CKD-related anemia, which is not caused by bone marrow failure.
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