A patient with Addison's disease is likely to have which electrolyte imbalance?
Hypokalemia
Hyperkalemia
Hyponatremia
Hypernatremia
Correct Answer : B,C
(A) Hypokalemia: Addison’s disease does not cause potassium loss.
(B) Hyperkalemia: Addison’s disease involves adrenal insufficiency, leading to low aldosterone levels. Aldosterone normally promotes potassium excretion; without it, potassium accumulates in the blood.
(C) Hyponatremia: Lack of aldosterone also prevents sodium retention, leading to excess sodium loss in urine and low sodium levels.
(D) Hypernatremia: Sodium levels are low due to excessive sodium excretion.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
(A) Constipation: Hypocalcemia causes increased GI motility, leading to diarrhea, not constipation.
(B) Trousseau's sign: Carpal spasm when inflating a BP cuff is a classic sign of hypocalcemia.
(C) Positive Chvostek’s sign: Facial twitching when tapping the facial nerve suggests hypocalcemia.
(D) Muscle spasms: Hypocalcemia increases neuromuscular excitability, leading to spasms and cramps.
(E) Shortened QT interval: Hypocalcemia prolongs the QT interval, while hypercalcemia shortens it.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
(A) Erythropoietin Injection: CKD patients often develop anemia due to reduced erythropoietin production by the kidneys. Administering synthetic erythropoietin stimulates red blood cell production.
(B) Packed Red Blood Cells Transfusion: Reserved for severe anemia (Hgb < 7 g/dL) or symptomatic cases, not mild anemia.
(C) Intravenous Iron Infusion: Used if iron deficiency is present, but erythropoietin deficiency is the main issue in CKD anemia.
(D) Platelet Transfusion: Platelets are used for bleeding disorders, not anemia.
(E) Bone Marrow Transplant: Not a treatment for CKD-related anemia, which is not caused by bone marrow failure.
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