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A patient with a serum calcium level of 7.0 mg/dL is at risk for which condition? (Normal 8.5-10.5 mg/dL)

A.

Tetany

B.

Hypertension

C.

Constipation

D.

Polyuria

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

(A) Tetany: Hypocalcemia increases neuromuscular excitability, leading to muscle cramps, spasms, and tetany (involuntary muscle contractions).

 (B) Hypertension: Hypocalcemia does not directly cause hypertension; it may lead to hypotension.

(C) Constipation: Hypercalcemia, not hypocalcemia, causes constipation.

(D) Polyuria: Hypercalcemia leads to polyuria, while hypocalcemia does not.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"C"},"D":{"answers":"D"},"E":{"answers":"F"}}

Explanation

Cushing’s Syndrome → Dexamethasone Suppression Test

  • Cushing’s Syndrome results from excess cortisol. The dexamethasone suppression test evaluates whether cortisol production is appropriately suppressed by exogenous steroids.

Addison’s Disease → ACTH Stimulation Test

  • Addison’s Disease involves adrenal insufficiency. The ACTH stimulation test checks if the adrenal glands can produce cortisol when stimulated.

Graves’ Disease → TSH Receptor Antibody Test

  • Graves’ Disease is an autoimmune hyperthyroid condition where autoantibodies stimulate the thyroid. The TSH receptor antibody test detects these autoantibodies.

Diabetes Insipidus → Water Deprivation Test

  • Diabetes Insipidus causes excessive urination due to ADH deficiency or resistance. The water deprivation test assesses the kidneys' ability to concentrate urine in response to dehydration.

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis → Antithyroid Antibody Test

  • Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis is an autoimmune hypothyroid disorder characterized by elevated antithyroid antibodies.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

(A) Obtain a urine specimen: Important for diagnosis but not the priority over pain management.

(B) Administer prescribed analgesics: Pain relief is the priority in acute urolithiasis, as renal colic is excruciating.

(C) Encourage oral fluids: Helps prevent further stone formation but is secondary to pain relief.

(D) Prepare the patient for surgery: Surgery is only indicated for large, obstructing stones, not a first-line intervention.

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