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A patient with hyperparathyroidism is likely to have which electrolyte imbalance?

A.

Hypernatremia

B.

Hyponatremia

C.

Hypocalcemia

D.

Hypercalcemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

 (A) Hypernatremia: PTH does not significantly affect sodium levels.

(B) Hyponatremia: PTH imbalance does not cause sodium depletion.

(C) Hypocalcemia: Hyperparathyroidism increases calcium levels, not decreases them.

(D) Hypercalcemia: Hyperparathyroidism causes excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which increases calcium release from bones, enhances calcium absorption in the intestines, and reduces calcium excretion by the kidneys, leading to hypercalcemia.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

(A) 0.45% NaCl (Hypotonic Fluid): Used for mild dehydration but can cause fluid shifts leading to cerebral edema.

(B) 3% NaCl (Hypertonic Fluid): Used for severe hyponatremia, not dehydration.

(C) Lactated Ringer’s (LR): This isotonic fluid replaces lost fluids and electrolytes, making it the best choice for severe dehydration, especially in patients with electrolyte imbalances.

(D) D5W: Initially isotonic but becomes hypotonic once glucose is metabolized, leading to fluid shifts into cells, worsening dehydration.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

(A) Seizures: Severe hyponatremia (Na+ < 120 mEq/L) can cause cerebral edema, leading to increased intracranial pressure and seizures.

(B) Hyperreflexia: More common in hypernatremia or hypocalcemia, not hyponatremia.

(C) Bradycardia: Severe hyponatremia usually causes tachycardia, not bradycardia.

(D) Hypertension: Hyponatremia often leads to hypotension due to fluid shifts.

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