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A patient with hyperparathyroidism is likely to have which electrolyte imbalance?

Hypernatremia

Hyponatremia

Hypocalcemia

Hypercalcemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

(A) Hypernatremia: PTH does not significantly affect sodium levels.

(B) Hyponatremia: PTH imbalance does not cause sodium depletion.

(C) Hypocalcemia: Hyperparathyroidism increases calcium levels, not decreases them.

(D) Hypercalcemia: Hyperparathyroidism causes excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which increases calcium release from bones, enhances calcium absorption in the intestines, and reduces calcium excretion by the kidneys, leading to hypercalcemia.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

(A) Prevent constipation: Calcium channel blockers can cause constipation, but metoprolol does not prevent it.

(B) Minimize gingival hyperplasia: Gingival hyperplasia is a side effect of calcium channel blockers, but metoprolol does not counteract it.

(C) Prevent recurrent chest pain: Nifedipine can cause reflex tachycardia, which increases myocardial oxygen demand. Metoprolol (a beta-blocker) prevents this by slowing the heart rate and reducing myocardial workload, thereby preventing angina.

(D) Reduce flushing: Flushing is a side effect of nifedipine, but metoprolol is not used for this purpose.

A. Hyponatremia B. Hypokalemia C. Hypernatremia D. Hyperkalemia

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

(A) Hyponatremia: SIADH leads to excess ADH secretion, causing water retention, dilution of sodium levels, and hyponatremia.

(B) Hypokalemia: SIADH does not primarily affect potassium.

(C) Hypernatremia: Excess ADH dilutes sodium, leading to low sodium levels, not high.

(D) Hyperkalemia: SIADH primarily causes hyponatremia, not potassium imbalances.

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A patient with hyperparathyroidism is likely to have which electrolyte imbalance?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An Angina Pectoris patient begins taking nifedipine [Procardia] a calcium channel blocker, along with metoprolol, to treat hypertension. The nurse understands that metoprolol is used to:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A patient with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is at risk for which electrolyte imbalance?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect in a patient with hypocalcemia?

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