A nurse is caring for a pregnant woman who has gestational diabetes and is of African-Caribbean origin.
The nurse should recognize that the woman's ethnicity is associated with which of the following characteristics?
Higher insulin resistance
Lower birth weight
Earlier onset of diabetes
Faster resolution of diabetes
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is choice A. Higher insulin resistance. According to a systematic review of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Africa, African-Caribbean women have higher insulin resistance than other ethnic groups, which increases their risk of developing GDM.
Insulin resistance is a condition where the body does not respond well to the hormone insulin, which regulates blood sugar levels.
Choice B is wrong because lower birth weight is not associated with GDM in African-Caribbean women. In fact, some studies have found that GDM increases the risk of macrosomia (large for gestational age infants) and higher mean birth weight.
Choice C is wrong because earlier onset of diabetes is not a characteristic of African-Caribbean women with GDM.
GDM is usually diagnosed in the second or third trimester of pregnancy, regardless of ethnicity. However, women with GDM have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
Choice D is wrong because faster resolution of diabetes is not a characteristic of African-Caribbean women with GDM. Most women with GDM revert to normal glucose metabolism after delivery, but some may have persistent glucose intolerance or diabetes. The risk of developing type 2 diabetes after GDM is also higher for African-Caribbean women than other ethnic groups.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C. Type 2 diabetes.Women with gestational diabetes have a very high risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.Gestational diabetes is a condition where the body cannot use insulin properly during pregnancy, leading to high blood sugar levels.
This can affect the health of both the mother and the baby.
Choice A is wrong because hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism and growth.
Gestational diabetes does not increase the risk of hypothyroidism.
Choice B is wrong because osteoporosis is a condition where the bones become weak and brittle, increasing the risk of fractures.
Gestational diabetes does not increase the risk of osteoporosis.
Choice D is wrong because cardiovascular disease is a term that refers to various conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels, such as heart attack and stroke.Gestational diabetes may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, but not as much as type 2 diabetes.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is choice B. Preeclampsia.Gestational diabetes increases the risk of developing preeclampsia, a condition characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine that can lead to serious complications for the mother and the baby.
Choice A is wrong because anemia is not a common complication of gestational diabetes.
Anemia is a condition where the red blood cells are low or abnormal, causing fatigue, weakness and pale skin.
Choice C is wrong because placenta previa is not related to gestational diabetes.
Placenta previa is a condition where the placenta covers part or all of the opening of the cervix, causing bleeding and possible premature delivery.
Choice D is wrong because preterm labor is not directly caused by gestational diabetes.
Preterm labor is when contractions start before 37 weeks of pregnancy, which can result in a premature birth.However, gestational diabetes can increase the risk of other conditions that can lead to preterm labor, such as polyhydramnios (excess amniotic fluid) or macrosomia (large baby).
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