A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has pertussis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Place the child in a protected environment for 48 hr
Administer the pertussis vaccine.
Report the diagnosis to the public health department.
Restrict oral fluids to 500 mL per day.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Place the child in a protected environment for 48 hr: While isolation might be implemented, 48 hours is not a typical timeframe for pertussis. The contagious period can last for weeks.
B. Administer the pertussis vaccine: The pertussis vaccine is for prevention, not treatment of an active case.
C. Report the diagnosis to the public health department. Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious respiratory illness. Reporting the case to the public health department allows them to track the spread of the disease and take steps to prevent further outbreaks
D. Restrict oral fluids to 500 mL per day. Restricting fluids can worsen dehydration, especially in a child with a respiratory illness.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Provide balloons for play. Balloons are a choking hazard for toddlers and should be avoided.
B. Adjust the water heater temperature to 54° C (129.2° F). The recommended safe water heater temperature is around 49° C (120° F) to prevent burns. 54° C (129.2° F) is too high and poses a burn risk.
C. Place screens on all windows. While screens can prevent insects from entering, they do not provide enough protection to prevent a child from falling out. Window guards or stops are more appropriate for preventing falls.
D. Check clothing for loose buttons. Loose buttons can be a choking hazard for toddlers, so it is important to check and secure them properly to prevent accidental ingestion.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Stay with the child for long periods of time. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have difficulties with social interactions and can become overstimulated easily. Staying with the child for long periods may increase anxiety and overstimulation.
B. Give the child three options when making choices. Children with ASD may have difficulty processing multiple choices and can become overwhelmed. Providing too many options can lead to confusion and frustration. A more effective strategy is to offer limited choices, ideally two, to simplify decision-making.
C. Explain procedures in detail to the child. While it's important to explain procedures to all children, those with ASD may find detailed explanations overwhelming. They often benefit from simple, clear, and concise instructions paired with visual supports.
D. Introduce the child to new situations slowly. Correct. Children with ASD often struggle with changes in routine and new situations. Introducing changes slowly helps them adjust gradually and reduces anxiety and behavioural issues.
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