A nurse is caring for an 11-month-old toddler who has been hospitalized for 10 days. After the toddler's mother leaves the room, the nurse observes the toddler sitting quietly in the corner of the crib, sucking her thumb. When the nurse approaches the crib, the toddler turns away from the nurse. The nurse should understand that these behaviors indicate which of the following developmental reactions?

Developing autonomy

Regression

Resentment toward the mother

An anxiety reaction

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Incorrect:

A. Developing autonomy:

Rationale: Developing autonomy typically involves a toddler's exploration of their environment and assertion of independence. While seeking comfort in familiar behaviors like thumb-sucking can be a part of autonomy development, the behavior described in the scenario is more indicative of regression, which involves returning to earlier, more infantile behaviors rather than progressing towards independence.

B. Regression:

Rationale: Regression refers to reverting to behaviors characteristic of an earlier stage of development. In this scenario, the toddler's behavior of sitting quietly in the corner of the crib and sucking her thumb, as well as turning away from the nurse, suggests a regression to earlier comforting behaviors that are typical of younger infants. This regression may be a response to the stress and anxiety of being hospitalized and separated from the mother, seeking comfort in familiar behaviors.

C. Resentment toward the mother:

Rationale: There is no evidence in the scenario to suggest resentment toward the mother. The toddler's behavior of seeking comfort in thumb-sucking and turning away from the nurse is more indicative of distress or regression in response to the hospitalization and separation from the mother rather than directed resentment toward her.

D. An anxiety reaction:

Rationale: The toddler's behavior of sitting quietly in the corner of the crib, sucking her thumb, and turning away from the nurse suggests a response to stress or anxiety rather than an anxiety reaction per se. While anxiety may be a component of the toddler's emotional state, the behavior aligns more closely with regression as a coping mechanism in response to the stressors of hospitalization and separation from the mother.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. 3 months:

By 3 months of age, infants typically experience rapid growth, but their birth weight usually does not double by this time. Infants usually gain weight at a steady rate during the first few months of life, but doubling birth weight typically occurs later in infancy.

B. 9 months:

By 9 months of age, infants continue to grow and develop, but their birth weight usually doubles before this age. While infants may have more than doubled their birth weight by 9 months, it's generally expected to occur earlier in infancy.

C. 6 months:

Correct. Birth weight typically doubles by around 6 months of age. This milestone reflects the rapid growth and development that occurs during the first half-year of life. By 6 months, infants have typically established feeding routines and experienced significant weight gain since birth.

D. 12 months:

By 12 months of age, infants have completed their first year of life, and their growth and development continue at a slightly slower pace compared to earlier months. Doubling birth weight usually occurs earlier, around 6 months, rather than by 12 months.

A. Coping skills B. Ability to perform calculations C. Long-term memory D. Level of orientation E. Recall ability

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

B. Ability to perform calculations: Assessing the client's ability to perform calculations helps in evaluating cognitive functioning. Impairments in calculation abilities can indicate cognitive decline associated with dementia. Tasks such as simple arithmetic or counting backward can be included in the assessment.

C. Long-term memory: Evaluating long-term memory is essential as it helps assess the client's ability to recall events, experiences, and information from the distant past. Long-term memory deficits are often seen in various types of dementia, and assessing this aspect provides valuable information about the extent of cognitive impairment.

D. Level of orientation: Assessing the client's level of orientation to time (e.g., awareness of date, day, season), place (e.g., awareness of current location), and person (e.g., awareness of self and others) is crucial in evaluating cognitive function. Orientation deficits are common in dementia and can provide insights into the progression and severity of the condition.

E. Recall ability: Evaluating the client's ability to recall recent events, information, or instructions assesses short-term memory function, which is often impaired in dementia. Tasks such as asking the client to repeat a series of words or recall recent activities help in assessing recall ability and memory impairment associated with dementia.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is collecting data from an infant at a well-child visit. The nurse should understand that birth weight typically doubles by what age?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has dementia. When performing a Mental Status Examination (MSE) the nurse should include which of the following data? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

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