A nurse is collecting data about a client's cardiac functioning. The nurse auscultates an S3 sound. Which of the following causes should the nurse suspect?

Atrial gallop

Ventricular gallop

Closing of semilunar valves

Closing of the atrioventricular valves

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Atrial gallop: An atrial gallop is associated with the S4 heart sound, which occurs before the S1 sound due to the atrial contraction.

B. Ventricular gallop: An S3 heart sound is known as a ventricular gallop and is often a sign of heart failure or fluid overload. It occurs during early diastole when the ventricle fills rapidly.

C. Closing of semilunar valves: The closing of the semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonary) produces the S2 heart sound, not the S3 sound.

D. Closing of the atrioventricular valves: The closing of the atrioventricular valves (mitral and tricuspid) produces the S1 heart sound, not the S3 sound.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Check the client's blood pressure. While it is important to monitor vital signs after surgery, checking blood pressure is not the first action unless the client is showing signs of instability.

B. Check the client's IV catheter insertion site. Assessing the IV site is important for identifying complications such as infiltration or phlebitis, but this is not the priority.

C. Check the level of the client's pain. Pain assessment is the priority because unmanaged pain can affect recovery and indicate complications such as bleeding or infection. Managing pain is crucial in the postoperative period.

D. Check the client's bowel sounds. Assessing bowel sounds is important following abdominal surgery, but it is not the first priority compared to pain assessment.

A. "A weight loss program will increase my LDL cholesterol levels." B. "Exercising regularly will bring down my HDL cholesterol levels." C. "Increasing the intake of foods containing trans-fatty acids in my diet can lower my risk of heart disease." D. "Adding foods containing omega-3 fatty acids to my diet will lower my risk of heart disease."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "A weight loss program will increase my LDL cholesterol levels." Weight loss typically reduces LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels, which lowers the risk of heart disease.

B. "Exercising regularly will bring down my HDL cholesterol levels." Regular exercise actually helps increase HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels, which is beneficial as HDL helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream.

C. "Increasing the intake of foods containing trans-fatty acids in my diet can lower my risk of heart disease." Trans fats raise LDL cholesterol and lower HDL cholesterol, which significantly increases the risk of coronary artery disease.

D. "Adding foods containing omega-3 fatty acids to my diet will lower my risk of heart disease." Omega-3 fatty acids (found in fish, flaxseeds, and walnuts) are heart-healthy fats that help lower triglyceride levels and reduce inflammation, thereby reducing the risk of coronary artery disease. This statement shows correct understanding.

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A nurse is collecting data about a client's cardiac functioning. The nurse auscultates an S3 sound. Which of the following causes should the nurse suspect?

Nursing Test Bank

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