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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has had paraplegia for several years. Which of the following physiologic changes due to immobility should the nurse consider when evaluating this client's overall status? (Select all that apply.)

Muscle atrophy

Venous pooling

Urinary stasis

Increased depth of respirations

Increased metabolic rate

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C

A. Muscle atrophy

Lack of movement leads to wasting of muscle tissue over time, a common consequence of immobility.

B. Venous pooling

Immobility causes reduced venous return, leading to venous stasis or pooling, increasing the risk of DVT.

C. Urinary stasis

Lying flat for extended periods contributes to bladder emptying issues, increasing risk for UTIs and renal calculi.

D. Increased depth of respirations

Immobility leads to shallow breathing and reduced lung expansion, not deeper respirations.

E. Increased metabolic rate

Immobility generally results in a decreased metabolic rate due to lower energy needs.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. hydrotherapy

Hydrotherapy involves water treatment, not related to smoothing cast edges.

B. petal

Petaling is the technique of applying smooth strips of tape (usually in a petal shape) over rough edges to prevent skin irritation.

C. bivalve

Bivalving is when a cast is cut into two halves, typically to relieve pressure—not to smooth edges.

D. splint

A splint is a temporary immobilizing device, not related to the care of cast edges.

A. palms only. B. palms and flat parts of fingers. C. fingertips and flat parts of fingers. D. fingertips and palms.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Palms only.

Using palms distributes pressure evenly and prevents indentations in the wet cast that could lead to pressure sores.

B. Palms and flat parts of fingers.

Using palms is safest; fingers can still create indentations if not careful.

C. Fingertips and flat parts of fingers.

Fingertips can leave dents in the soft plaster, which may cause pressure points and skin breakdown once the cast hardens.

D. Fingertips and palms.

Fingertips should be avoided entirely when handling a fresh cast.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has had paraplegia for several years. Which of the following physiologic changes due to immobility should the nurse consider when evaluating this client's overall status? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse, in order to prevent the cast from chafing, will instruct the patient for home care to _______ the rough edges with adhesive tape.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

When handling a freshly applied plaster cast while assisting a patient from stretcher to bed, the nurse should handle the cast using:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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