A nurse is collecting data from a client who is malnourished due to inflammatory bowel disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Brittle hair

Yellow conjunctivae

Bradycardia

Clubbing of the fingernails

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Brittle hair: Malnutrition often leads to protein and micronutrient deficiencies, which impair hair growth and texture, resulting in dry, brittle, or thinning hair. This is a common visible sign in clients with poor nutritional status.

B. Yellow conjunctivae: Yellowing of the conjunctivae typically indicates jaundice due to liver dysfunction or hemolysis, not malnutrition from inflammatory bowel disease. It reflects bilirubin accumulation rather than nutrient deficiency.

C. Bradycardia: While bradycardia may occur in severe starvation or electrolyte imbalance, it is not a consistent or early indicator of malnutrition from inflammatory bowel disease. It requires further context to be clinically relevant.

D. Clubbing of the fingernails: Clubbing is associated with chronic hypoxia or pulmonary/cardiac conditions. It is not commonly linked to malnutrition or inflammatory bowel disease unless there are severe complications such as chronic anemia or hypoxia.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Overweight: A body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 29.9 is classified as overweight. Since the client’s BMI is 32, this category does not apply.

B. Underweight: A BMI less than 18.5 is considered underweight. The client’s BMI of 32 is well above this range, ruling out this classification.

C. Obesity class I: A BMI between 30 and 34.9 falls into obesity class I. The client’s BMI of 32 fits into this category, indicating a level of obesity that increases the risk for chronic health conditions.

D. Normal weight: Normal weight is defined as a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9. Since the client’s BMI exceeds this range, this classification is not appropriate.

A. "Don't worry. Everything will work out for you." B. "We should talk about your decision later." C. "How will you discuss this decision with your loved ones?" D. "Your quality of life will be compromised if you make this decision."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Don't worry. Everything will work out for you.": This response minimizes the client’s feelings and concerns, potentially invalidating their decision. It also avoids addressing the seriousness of the situation and does not encourage open communication or support.

B. "We should talk about your decision later.": Deferring the conversation may make the client feel ignored or unsupported. It is important to acknowledge and explore the client’s feelings and reasoning about discontinuing treatment promptly to provide appropriate care.

C. "How will you discuss this decision with your loved ones?": This response respects the client’s autonomy and opens a supportive dialogue. It encourages the client to consider communication with their support system and reflects a willingness to assist in the emotional and practical aspects of their decision.

D. "Your quality of life will be compromised if you make this decision.": This statement is judgmental and may induce guilt or fear. It does not respect the client’s right to make informed decisions about their own care and can hinder therapeutic communication.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who is malnourished due to inflammatory bowel disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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