A nurse is collecting data from an infant a large patent ductus arteriosus. Which of the following is clinical manifestations should the nurse expect?
Machine like murmur
Chronic hypoxemia
Cyanosis with crying
Weak pulse
The Correct Answer is A
A. Machine-like murmur.
This option is correct. A characteristic clinical manifestation of a large patent ductus arteriosus is a continuous "machine-like" murmur heard on auscultation. This murmur is typically heard best at the upper left sternal border and may radiate to the back.
B. Chronic hypoxemia.
Chronic hypoxemia is not typically a primary manifestation of a large PDA. While PDA can lead to increased pulmonary blood flow and potentially contribute to pulmonary congestion, chronic hypoxemia may not be a prominent feature unless complications such as heart failure develop.
C. Cyanosis with crying.
Cyanosis with crying is more commonly associated with cyanotic congenital heart defects such as tetralogy of Fallot. While PDA can contribute to cyanosis in certain circumstances, it is not typically a consistent clinical manifestation.
D. Weak pulse.
A weak pulse is not typically associated specifically with a large PDA. Infants with PDA may have bounding pulses due to increased blood flow through the ductus arteriosus.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Infusion rate (mL/hour) = Total volume (mL) / Total time (hours)
Given:
Child's weight: 10 kg
Ordered volume: 40 mL/kg
Total time: 4 hours
First, calculate the total volume of Lactated Ringer's solution needed:
Total volume = 40 mL/kg × 10 kg = 400 mL
Then, divide the total volume by the total time to find the infusion rate:
Infusion rate = 400 mL / 4 hours = 100 mL/hour
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "Has your son had a sore throat recently?"
This question is relevant because acute rheumatic fever often occurs as a complication of untreated or inadequately treated streptococcal throat infection (strep throat). A recent history of sore throat could indicate a preceding streptococcal infection, which is an important predisposing factor for the development of acute rheumatic fever.
B. "Was your son born with this cardiac defect?"
This question is less relevant in the context of acute rheumatic fever. Acute rheumatic fever is not a congenital heart defect; it is an inflammatory condition that affects the heart valves following streptococcal infection. While it's important to assess the child's cardiac health, asking about congenital heart defects may not directly relate to the current condition.
C. "Are you aware that your son will have to be in isolation?"
This question is not applicable to acute rheumatic fever. Acute rheumatic fever is not a contagious condition that requires isolation. It is an autoimmune response triggered by streptococcal infection and does not pose a risk of transmission to others.
D. "Has your child had any injuries recently?"
Inquiring about recent injuries is not directly related to acute rheumatic fever. Acute rheumatic fever is an inflammatory condition primarily triggered by streptococcal infection and is not caused by physical injuries.
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