A nurse is collecting data from an infant a large patent ductus arteriosus. Which of the following is clinical manifestations should the nurse expect?

A. Inwardly turned foot on the affected side.

This finding is consistent with DDH. In infants with DDH, the affected leg may appear shortened and rotated inwardly due to hip instability or dislocation.

B. Lengthened thigh on the affected side.

This finding is not typically associated with DDH. In fact, the affected thigh may appear shortened rather than lengthened due to abnormal positioning of the hip joint.

C. Absent plantar reflexes.

Absent plantar reflexes are not directly related to DDH. Plantar reflexes assess the function of the spinal nerves in the lower extremities and are not typically affected by hip dysplasia.

D. Asymmetric thigh folds.

This finding is consistent with DDH. Asymmetric thigh folds, where one thigh appears fuller or has more skin folds compared to the other, can be indicative of hip dysplasia. The skin folds may be more prominent on the unaffected side due to the displacement of the femoral head on the affected side.

A. Onlooker play:

Onlooker play is when a child observes others playing without actively participating themselves. This type of play typically involves watching others engage in activities or play without joining in. It does not directly involve role-playing or hands-on activities to prepare a child for surgery.

B. Therapeutic play:

This is the correct answer. Therapeutic play involves using play activities to help children express their feelings, fears, and concerns about medical procedures or hospitalization. It often includes role-playing and hands-on activities such as practicing medical procedures on dolls or stuffed animals. Therapeutic play helps children become familiar with medical equipment and procedures in a non-threatening environment, reducing anxiety and promoting coping skills.

C. Cooperative play:

Cooperative play involves children playing together, interacting, and collaborating in shared activities. While cooperative play can be beneficial for social development, it does not necessarily involve role-playing or hands-on activities specific to preparing a child for surgery.

D. Play therapy:

Play therapy is a form of psychotherapy that uses play to communicate with and help children express their thoughts and emotions. While play therapy can be therapeutic for children dealing with various issues, including medical procedures, it is typically facilitated by a trained therapist rather than being directly utilized to prepare a child for surgery through role-playing or hands-on activities.