A nurse is collecting data on a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Hypothermia

Bradycardia

Pulse deficit

Tachypnea

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Hypothermia: Pneumonia typically presents with fever rather than hypothermia. Fever is a common response to infection and inflammation.

B. Bradycardia: Pneumonia usually causes tachycardia rather than bradycardia. Tachycardia is a compensatory response to improve oxygen delivery to tissues.

C. Pulse deficit: A pulse deficit is not a common finding in pneumonia. It is more associated with conditions like atrial fibrillation.

D. Tachypnea: Tachypnea, or rapid breathing, is a common sign of pneumonia. It reflects the body’s attempt to improve oxygenation and compensate for impaired gas exchange.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Encourage the client to drink more fluids: Increasing fluid intake helps thin respiratory secretions, making them easier to clear from the lungs. Hydration is crucial in managing pneumonia to help with mucus mobilization.

B. Encourage regular use of the incentive spirometer: While the incentive spirometer helps with lung expansion and preventing atelectasis, it does not directly affect the viscosity of secretions.

C. Encourage coughing and deep breathing: Coughing and deep breathing are important for clearing secretions, but they are more effective once the secretions are already thin. Drinking fluids is a more direct method to thin the secretions.

D. Encourage the client to ambulate more often: Ambulation is beneficial for overall respiratory health and lung function, but it does not directly thin respiratory secretions. Increasing fluid intake is more effective for this purpose.

A. "Water moves from areas where the concentration of sodium is higher to areas where the concentration is lower." B. "Sodium moves from areas where the concentration of solute is lower to areas where the concentration is higher." C. "Water and sodium particles move together to areas where sodium particles are higher." D. "Water moves from areas where the concentration of sodium is lower to the areas where the concentration of sodium is higher."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "Water moves from areas where the concentration of sodium is higher to areas where the concentration is lower.": This statement incorrectly describes the direction of water movement. Water typically moves towards areas of higher solute concentration (higher sodium levels) through osmosis.

B. "Sodium moves from areas where the concentration of solute is lower to areas where the concentration is higher.": Sodium does not move this way in dehydration; the main issue is the movement of water, not sodium, in response to osmotic gradients.

C. "Water and sodium particles move together to areas where sodium particles are higher.": Water and sodium do not move together. Water follows solute (sodium) through osmotic processes, but sodium does not move in this manner during dehydration.

D. "Water moves from areas where the concentration of sodium is lower to the areas where the concentration of sodium is higher.": This statement correctly explains the principle of osmosis. In dehydration, water is lost from the body, leading to higher sodium concentration in the blood. This higher concentration draws water from cells to balance the osmotic pressure, resulting in elevated sodium levels.

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A nurse is collecting data on a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to thin the client's respiratory secretions?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A charge nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about fluid shifts. The newly licensed nurse asks why sodium levels are high during dehydration. Which of the following responses should the charge nurse provide?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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