A nurse is caring for a client who has hypokalemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse associate with hypokalemia?
Hyperventilation
Bradypnea
Syncope
U waves on electrocardiogram
The Correct Answer is D
A. Hyperventilation: Hyperventilation is more commonly associated with respiratory alkalosis or anxiety rather than hypokalemia. Hypokalemia does not typically cause hyperventilation.
B. Bradypnea: Bradypnea (slow breathing) is not a common finding in hypokalemia. Hypokalemia can affect muscle function, including respiratory muscles, but bradypnea is not a characteristic sign.
C. Syncope: While syncope (fainting) can occur due to various conditions, it is not a specific or common finding directly associated with hypokalemia. Hypokalemia mainly affects the heart and muscles.
D. U waves on electrocardiogram: U waves are a classic electrocardiogram (ECG) finding associated with hypokalemia. These waves appear after the T wave and are indicative of the electrolyte imbalance affecting cardiac repolarization.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]
Explanation
A. Dyspnea: Shortness of breath is a common and significant symptom of COPD, resulting from the narrowing of airways and difficulty in expelling air.
B. Chronic cough: A persistent cough, often productive, is a hallmark of COPD. It is typically a response to chronic irritation and inflammation of the airways.
C. Wheezing: Wheezing is a common symptom of COPD due to the constriction of airways and turbulent airflow through narrowed airways.
D. Sputum production: Increased sputum production is common in COPD, especially in chronic bronchitis type of COPD, where inflammation leads to excess mucus production.
E. Chest tightness: While chest tightness can occur in COPD, it is less commonly emphasized compared to the other symptoms listed. The primary symptoms are generally more focused on dyspnea, cough, wheezing, and sputum production.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Oral antibiotics: Antibiotics are not indicated for allergic rhinitis, as it is an allergic condition rather than an infection.
B. Oral decongestants: While decongestants can provide temporary relief from nasal congestion, they can also cause rebound congestion if used for prolonged periods.
C. Nasal saline irrigation: Nasal saline irrigation can help to clear out mucus and allergens but is not a primary treatment for allergic rhinitis.
D. Intranasal corticosteroids: Intranasal corticosteroids are the most effective treatment for allergic rhinitis, as they reduce inflammation in the nasal passages and help to alleviate symptoms.
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