A nurse is assisting with preparations for administering intravenous potassium replacement supplements to a client who has a potassium level of 2.5 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to include? (Select all that apply.)

Repeat blood serum potassium

Educate client regarding high-potassium food sources

Cardiac monitoring during infusion

Ensure that the client's urine output is at least 1 mL/kg/hour

Ensure potassium infusion is prepared with 5% dextrose solution

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D

A. Repeat blood serum potassium: While it’s important to monitor potassium levels, the immediate priority when preparing to administer potassium is ensuring safe administration practices, not rechecking levels before initiating therapy.

B. Educate client regarding high-potassium food sources: Client education is important for long-term management but is not a priority when preparing for intravenous potassium replacement in an acute setting.

C. Cardiac monitoring during infusion: Potassium affects cardiac conduction, and rapid correction can lead to arrhythmias. Continuous cardiac monitoring is necessary to detect any life-threatening arrhythmias during the infusion.

D. Ensure that the client's urine output is at least 1 mL/kg/hour: Adequate urine output ensures that the kidneys are functioning and capable of excreting excess potassium, reducing the risk of hyperkalemia.

E. Ensure potassium infusion is prepared with 5% dextrose solution: Potassium should not be mixed with dextrose, as it can increase insulin release, causing potassium to shift into cells and worsen hypokalemia.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Respiratory acidosis is caused by hypoventilation, leading to an increase in carbon dioxide levels in the blood. This condition is characterized by confusion, drowsiness, and headache, but it does not typically present with vomiting, tingling, or slow respirations as described in this scenario.
B. Metabolic alkalosis occurs due to a loss of hydrogen ions or an excess of bicarbonate, commonly caused by prolonged vomiting. The symptoms described, including persistent vomiting, tingling, and slow, shallow respirations, are consistent with metabolic alkalosis.
C. Metabolic acidosis results from the accumulation of acid or loss of bicarbonate, often presenting with rapid, deep breathing (Kussmaul respirations). The client’s slow respirations and other symptoms do not align with metabolic acidosis, making this option less likely.
D. Respiratory alkalosis is caused by hyperventilation, which leads to a decrease in carbon dioxide levels. It is usually associated with rapid breathing and does not match the slow respirations and other symptoms seen in this client.

A. "Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration." B. "Diffusion is the movement of particles between areas of equal concentrations." C. "Diffusion is the movement of water from an area of higher concentration of water to an area of lower concentration of water." D. "Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of lower concentration of particles to an area of higher concentration of particles."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.": This statement accurately describes diffusion. Molecules move down their concentration gradient from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached.

B. "Diffusion is the movement of particles between areas of equal concentrations.": Diffusion does not occur between areas of equal concentration as there is no concentration gradient to drive the movement.

C. "Diffusion is the movement of water from an area of higher concentration of water to an area of lower concentration of water.": This describes osmosis, not diffusion. Osmosis specifically refers to the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.

D. "Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of lower concentration of particles to an area of higher concentration of particles.": This is incorrect as diffusion occurs from higher to lower concentration, not the reverse.

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A nurse is assisting with preparations for administering intravenous potassium replacement supplements to a client who has a potassium level of 2.5 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to include? (Select all that apply.)

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A charge nurse is reinforcing teaching to a group of nurses about diffusion. Which of the following statements should the charge nurse include in their teaching about diffusion?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is gathering data on a client with a diagnosis of tuberculosis. The nurse should review the results of which diagnostic test to confirm this diagnosis?

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