A nurse is completing an assessment on a client who reports severe fatigue, hair loss, and trouble remembering things. The nurse notes a butterfly-shaped rash on the client's face. Which of the following conditions is the client likely experiencing?

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Acute HIV

Chronic HIV

Discoid lupus erythematosus

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Systemic lupus erythematosus: The butterfly-shaped rash, along with symptoms like fatigue, hair loss, and memory issues, is characteristic of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease. The rash typically appears across the cheeks and nose and is a hallmark sign of SLE, often triggered by sunlight exposure.
B. Acute HIV: Acute HIV infection may cause symptoms like fatigue, but it typically does not present with the specific butterfly-shaped rash seen in SLE. The rash associated with HIV is generally more generalized and not localized like the characteristic lupus rash.
C. Chronic HIV: Chronic HIV can present with fatigue and other symptoms, but it does not cause the butterfly-shaped rash seen in lupus. HIV-related rashes are more often generalized or occur due to secondary infections, not the distinct butterfly pattern seen in lupus.
D. Discoid lupus erythematosus: Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) can cause skin lesions, including facial rashes, but it does not present with the same systemic symptoms (like fatigue, hair loss, and memory issues) as systemic lupus erythematosus. DLE affects only the skin, whereas SLE affects multiple organs.

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Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"C"}

Explanation

Chest pain: Crushing, retrosternal chest pain is highly suggestive of cardiac ischemia or acute coronary syndrome. It requires immediate evaluation due to the risk of myocardial infarction. The presence of fatigue and weakness adds to the urgency. Chest pain is always prioritized due to its life-threatening potential.
Visual disturbance: Visual changes may indicate hypertension, hyperglycemia, or neurological issues. While concerning, they are typically not immediately life-threatening. These symptoms can be evaluated after cardiac causes are ruled out. They support further systemic investigation.
Fatigue: Fatigue is a nonspecific symptom seen in many chronic conditions like diabetes, anemia, or heart failure. It does not signal an emergency on its own. It may be related to underlying cardiac issues but is not prioritized over chest pain.
Increased urination: Polyuria often indicates uncontrolled blood glucose levels or diabetes. It should prompt further testing but does not require immediate intervention. It is a chronic symptom rather than an acute, life-threatening one.

A. Frequent handwashing B. Avoiding the annual flu vaccine C. Taking an iron supplement daily D. Visiting the eye doctor annually E. Joining a support group

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Frequent handwashing: This is an important strategy to prevent infections, which can trigger a sickle cell crisis. Clients with sickle cell disease are more susceptible to infections due to their compromised immune system, so teaching frequent handwashing can significantly reduce the risk of infection-related complications.
B. Avoiding the annual flu vaccine: Clients with sickle cell disease should not avoid the annual flu vaccine. In fact, the flu vaccine is strongly recommended for individuals with sickle cell disease to prevent influenza, which can increase the risk of complications. Avoiding it would place the client at greater risk for respiratory infections.
C. Taking an iron supplement daily: Sickle cell disease often leads to anemia, but iron supplementation is generally not recommended unless the client has a confirmed iron deficiency. In many cases, iron overload can occur, especially if the client has frequent blood transfusions. It is essential to assess iron levels before recommending supplements.
D. Visiting the eye doctor annually: Clients with sickle cell disease are at an increased risk for eye problems, such as retinopathy. Annual eye exams are crucial to detect early signs of complications and prevent vision loss. Regular monitoring helps maintain overall eye health and provides early intervention if needed.
E. Joining a support group: Sickle cell disease can be emotionally and physically challenging. Joining a support group can provide the client with emotional support, practical coping strategies, and connections with others who have similar experiences. This is an essential aspect of overall well-being in managing the condition.

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A nurse is completing an assessment on a client who reports severe fatigue, hair loss, and trouble remembering things. The nurse notes a butterfly-shaped rash on the client's face. Which of the following conditions is the client likely experiencing?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client in the clinic Exhibits Complete the following sentence by using the list of options. The nurse should first address the client'sdropdown

Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"C"}

Explanation

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who had a sickle cell crisis. Which of the following health promotion strategies should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

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