A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a 7-year-old client who has atopic dermatitis, Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize for controlling manifestations of the condition? (Select All that Apply.)
Application of scented lotions
Frequent use of sunscreen
Identification of triggers
Use of topical corticosteroids
Scrubbing of the affected area
Correct Answer : C,D
A. Application of scented lotions. Scented lotions often contain fragrances and chemicals that can irritate the skin, worsening atopic dermatitis. Fragrance-free, hypoallergenic moisturizers should be used instead.
B. Frequent use of sunscreen. While sun protection is important, some sunscreens contain chemicals that may trigger irritation in children with atopic dermatitis. Mineral-based sunscreens (zinc oxide or titanium dioxide) are a better choice.
C. Identification of triggers. Common triggers include allergens (pollen, pet dander), irritants (soaps, detergents), weather changes, and certain foods. Identifying and avoiding triggers helps prevent flare-ups.
D. Use of topical corticosteroids. Low-to-moderate potency topical corticosteroids are the first-line treatment for controlling inflammation and reducing itching during flare-ups.
E. Scrubbing of the affected area. Scrubbing can damage the skin barrier, increase irritation, and worsen symptoms. Gentle cleansing with mild, fragrance-free cleansers is recommended instead.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "You must breastfeed to give the baby the best nutrients." While breastfeeding provides essential nutrients, it is not recommended for mothers with HIV due to the risk of viral transmission through breast milk, even if the mother is on antiretroviral therapy.
B. "Breastfeeding is not recommended because of the high risk of transmission." HIV can be transmitted through breast milk, and health organizations, including the WHO and CDC, advise against breastfeeding if safe alternatives, such as formula feeding, are available. Formula feeding is the preferred method in high-resource settings.
C. "Pumped breastmilk may be given to your child." Pumping does not eliminate HIV from breast milk. The virus remains present, posing the same transmission risk as direct breastfeeding.
D. "You should sterilize your pumped breastmilk prior to feeding." There is no reliable method for sterilizing breast milk at home that effectively eliminates HIV without destroying its nutritional value. Instead, formula feeding or donor milk from screened sources is recommended.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Mood changes. While mood changes can occur due to various health conditions, they are not a direct indicator of a bleeding disorder. Bleeding disorders typically present with physical symptoms like easy bruising or joint swelling.
B. Swollen knees. Joint swelling (hemarthrosis) is a key sign of bleeding disorders such as hemophilia. In children with a bleeding disorder, even minor trauma can cause bleeding into the joints, leading to pain, stiffness, and swelling, particularly in weight-bearing joints like the knees and ankles.
C. Frequent falls. While frequent falls may result in bruising, they are not a direct indicator of a bleeding disorder. However, children with a bleeding disorder may bruise excessively or experience prolonged bleeding after minor falls.
D. Dental caries. Dental caries (tooth decay) is not a symptom of a bleeding disorder but rather results from poor oral hygiene, dietary factors, or bacterial infection. Bleeding disorders may cause prolonged bleeding after dental procedures, but they do not directly cause cavities.
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