A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has heart failure. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan?

Encourage fluids.

Measure vital signs every 8 hr.

Obtain weight weekly.

Allow frequent rest periods.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

The correct answer is choice D. Allow frequent rest periods.

Choice A rationale:

Encouraging fluids is not appropriate for a client with heart failure. Clients with heart failure often experience fluid overload due to the heart’s inability to pump effectively, leading to fluid retention. Encouraging additional fluid intake can exacerbate this condition, worsening symptoms such as edema and shortness of breath.

Choice B rationale:

Measuring vital signs every 8 hours may not be frequent enough for a client with heart failure, especially if they are experiencing acute symptoms. More frequent monitoring is often necessary to detect changes in the client’s condition promptly and to manage symptoms effectively.

Choice C rationale:

Obtaining weight weekly is not sufficient for a client with heart failure. Daily weight monitoring is crucial as it helps in detecting fluid retention early. Sudden weight gain can indicate worsening heart failure and the need for adjustments in treatment.

Choice D rationale:

Allowing frequent rest periods is essential for clients with heart failure. These clients often experience fatigue and decreased exercise tolerance due to reduced cardiac output. Frequent rest periods help in managing fatigue and preventing overexertion, which can worsen heart failure symptoms.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The correct answer is choice B, a client who had abdominal surgery 2 days ago and the incision line is separating. This client requires immediate attention as a separating incision can indicate wound dehiscence or evisceration, which are surgical emergencies. Choice A is incorrect because although C. difficile is a serious infection, liquid stools are a common symptom and do not require immediate attention. Choice C is incorrect because intermittent coughing up clear sputum is a normal finding for a client with a tracheostomy, and does not indicate a change in the client's condition. Choice D is incorrect because the client fell 12 hours ago and reports pain as 4 on a scale of 0 to 10, which indicates a low level of pain.

Choice A: A client who has Clostridium difficile and has liquid stools is incorrect because although C. difficile is a serious infection, liquid stools are a common symptom and do not require immediate attention.

Choice C: A client who has a chronic tracheostomy and is intermittently coughing up clear sputum is incorrect because intermittent coughing up clear sputum is a normal finding for a client with a tracheostomy, and does not indicate a change in the client's condition.

Choice D: A client who fell 12 hours ago and reports pain as 4 on a scale of 0 to 10 is incorrect because the level of pain is low and does not require immediate attention.

A. Rolls soiled linen with the clean side in before placing it in the laundry bag. B. Cleans a blood spill with chlorine bleach. C. Performs hand hygiene with hands at elbow level. D. Instructs a female client to wipe the perineal area from back to front.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The correct answer is choice B, which cleans a blood spill with chlorine bleach. This is an appropriate action for infection control because bleach is an effective disinfectant that can kill most pathogens, including bloodborne viruses such as HIV and hepatitis B and C.

A. Rolling soiled linen with the clean side in it before placing it in the laundry bag is not the correct answer because it can spread pathogens and cause cross-contamination.

Performing hand hygiene with hands at elbow level is not the correct answer because it is not the correct technique for hand hygiene, which involves washing hands with soap and water or using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.

Instructing a female client to wipe the perineal area from back to front is not the correct answer because it can cause contamination of the urethra and increase the risk of urinary tract infections.

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A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has heart failure. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan?

Nursing Test Bank

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