A nurse is developing a discharge teaching plan for a patient diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease. Which instruction will the nurse include in the plan?

Apply a heating pad to the lower extremities for pain.

Always wear sot shoes or slippers when out of bed.

Wear knee high sight socks

Put cream or lotion between the toes

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Apply a heating pad to the lower extremities for pain: Heat application can increase vasodilation and worsen symptoms in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Therefore, it is not recommended as a pain management strategy for PAD.

B. Always wear soft shoes or slippers when out of bed: This instruction is important for patients with PAD to protect their feet from injury and provide adequate support. Soft shoes or slippers help prevent trauma and pressure ulcers, which are common complications in patients with reduced peripheral circulation.

C. Wear knee-high tight socks: Tight socks can restrict blood flow and exacerbate symptoms in patients with PAD. It is important to encourage patients to wear loose-fitting socks to promote adequate circulation.

D. Put cream or lotion between the toes: Moisture between the toes can increase the risk of fungal infections, which can be particularly problematic in patients with compromised circulation. It is important to keep the feet clean and dry and avoid applying cream or lotion between the toes.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Superficial ulcers in the calves: Chronic venous insufficiency can lead to poor circulation in the lower legs, causing tissue damage and the development of superficial ulcers, typically located around the ankles or calves.

B. Dilatation of superficial veins: One of the hallmark signs of chronic venous insufficiency is the visible dilatation (enlargement) of superficial veins, often seen as varicose veins, due to the impaired return of blood to the heart.

C. Shiny skin: Chronic venous insufficiency can cause changes in the skin texture, including thinning and a shiny appearance. This occurs due to chronic edema and impaired circulation in the affected area.

D. Blackened toes: Blackened toes are not typically associated with chronic venous insufficiency. This symptom is more commonly seen in conditions such as peripheral artery disease (PAD) or severe ischemia.

E. Dependent rubor: Dependent rubor, characterized by reddish-blue discoloration of the lower extremities when in a dependent position (e.g., hanging off the bed), can occur in chronic venous insufficiency due to impaired venous return and pooling of blood in the lower extremities.

A. "It eliminates the clotting factors." B. "This medication will keep the blood clot from growing larger." C. "This medication will decrease my risk for bleeding." D. "I will get this medication in my veins."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "It eliminates the clotting factors." - This statement suggests a misunderstanding of how enoxaparin works. Enoxaparin is a low molecular weight heparin that does not eliminate clotting factors but rather inhibits the activity of factor Xa, a key enzyme involved in the coagulation cascade. By inhibiting factor Xa, enoxaparin prevents the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin, thereby reducing the formation of fibrin clots. It does not eliminate existing clotting factors from the bloodstream.

B. "This medication will keep the blood clot from growing larger." - This statement demonstrates a correct understanding of enoxaparin's mechanism of action. Enoxaparin is an anticoagulant medication that works by preventing the enlargement of existing blood clots. By inhibiting the activity of factor Xa, enoxaparin prevents the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin, thereby reducing the formation of fibrin clots and preventing existing clots from growing larger.

C. "This medication will decrease my risk for bleeding." - This statement is incorrect. Enoxaparin, like other anticoagulants, actually increases the risk of bleeding due to its mechanism of action. By inhibiting the coagulation cascade, enoxaparin prolongs the time it takes for blood to clot, which can lead to an increased risk of bleeding, particularly in patients who are predisposed to bleeding or are taking other medications that affect clotting.

D. "I will get this medication in my veins." - This statement is incorrect. Enoxaparin is administered subcutaneously, not intravenously. It is usually injected into the fatty tissue of the abdomen or thigh using a prefilled syringe with a short, thin needle. The subcutaneous route of administration allows for slow absorption and sustained anticoagulant effects over time.

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A nurse is developing a discharge teaching plan for a patient diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease. Which instruction will the nurse include in the plan?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing a patient diagnosed with chronic venous insufficiency. Which clinical manifestations are consistent with this diagnosis? Select All That Apply

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is providing education of enoxaparin to a patient diagnosed with deep venous thrombosis. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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