A nurse is discussing dietary modifications with a client with gestational diabetes.

Which of the following food choices should the nurse recommend as part of a balanced meal plan?

Fried chicken and French fries

Processed deli meats and white bread

Grilled salmon and quinoa

Sugary cereal and whole milk

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

The correct answer is choice C. Grilled salmon and quinoa.

This food choice provides a good balance of protein, healthy fats, and complex carbohydrates that can help regulate blood glucose levels for a client with gestational diabetes.

Choice A is wrong because fried chicken and French fries are high in saturated fat and simple carbohydrates that can raise blood glucose levels and increase the risk of cardiovascular complications.

Choice B is wrong because processed deli meats and white bread are high in sodium, nitrates, and refined flour that can also increase blood glucose levels and blood pressure.

Choice D is wrong because sugary cereal and whole milk are high in sugar and lactose that can spike blood glucose levels and cause digestive issues.

A client with gestational diabetes should follow a balanced meal plan that includes lean protein, healthy fats, fiber, and complex carbohydrates that are low on the glycemic index.

The client should also limit intake of simple sugars, refined grains, fried foods, and processed meats. The client should monitor blood glucose levels regularly and consult with a dietitian for individualized recommendations.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is

A. Elevated fasting blood glucose levels.

Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a condition where the blood sugar levels are higher than normal during pregnancy.

It can affect the health of the mother and the baby if not well controlled.GDM usually goes away after delivery, but it can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.

A. Elevated fasting blood glucose levels.

This statement is true.

Fasting blood glucose levels are the levels of glucose in the blood after not eating or drinking anything except water for at least 8 hours.

Normal fasting blood glucose levels are between 70 and 100 mg/dL (3.9 and 5.6 mmol/L).

In GDM, the fasting blood glucose levels are higher than normal, usually above 95 mg/dL (5.3 mmol/L).This indicates that the body is not able to use insulin effectively to lower the blood sugar levels.

B. Decreased postprandial blood glucose levels.

This statement is false.

Postprandial blood glucose levels are the levels of glucose in the blood after eating a meal or a snack.

Normal postprandial blood glucose levels are below 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) within 2 hours of eating.

In GDM, the postprandial blood glucose levels are higher than normal, usually above 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) within 1 hour or above 120 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L) within 2 hours of eating.This indicates that the body is not able to use insulin effectively to lower the blood sugar levels after a meal.

C. Elevated serum insulin levels.

This statement is false.

Serum insulin levels are the levels of insulin in the blood.

Insulin is a hormone that helps the cells to take up glucose from the blood for energy or storage.

Normal serum insulin levels vary depending on the time of day, the type of food eaten, and other factors.

In GDM, the serum insulin levels are not necessarily elevated, but they may be insufficient to overcome the insulin resistance caused by hormonal changes during pregnancy.Insulin resistance is a condition where the cells do not respond well to insulin and require more insulin to lower the blood sugar levels.

D. Decreased glycosylated hemoglobin levels.

This statement is false.

Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a measure of how much glucose is attached to hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.

HbA1c reflects the average blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months.

Normal HbA1c levels are below 5.7%.

In GDM, the HbA1c levels are not necessarily decreased, but they may be within or slightly above the normal range, depending on how well the blood sugar levels are controlled during pregnancy.HbA1c is not a reliable test for diagnosing GDM, as it may not reflect the recent changes in blood sugar levels caused by pregnancy.

A. The woman had normal blood pressure and urine protein levels throughout pregnancy B. The woman delivered a healthy baby who weighed 3 kg (6.6 lb) at birth. C. The woman had no episodes of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia during pregnancy D. The woman's blood glucose levels returned to normal within six weeks after delivery.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The correct answer is choice B. The woman delivered a healthy baby who weighed 3 kg (6.6 lb) at birth.This indicates that the insulin therapy was effective in preventing macrosomia, which is a common complication of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Macrosomia is defined as a birth weight above the 90th percentile for gestational age or above 4 kg (8.8 lb).Macrosomia increases the risk of birth trauma, shoulder dystocia, cesarean section, and neonatal hypoglycemia.

Choice A is wrong because normal blood pressure and urine protein levels throughout pregnancy are not specific indicators of insulin therapy effectiveness.They are more related to the prevention of pre-eclampsia, which is a separate complication of pregnancy that can affect women with or without GDM.

Choice C is wrong because having no episodes of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia during pregnancy is not sufficient to indicate insulin therapy

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A nurse is discussing dietary modifications with a client with gestational diabetes. Which of the following food choices should the nurse recommend as part of a balanced meal plan?

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Explanation

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A nurse is discussing dietary modifications with a client with gestational diabetes.

Which of the following food choices should the nurse recommend as part of a balanced meal plan?