Gestational diabetes is most likely to develop during which trimester of pregnancy?

The correct answer is choice A. The woman should check her blood glucose levels four times a day to monitor and manage her condition.This will help her avoid complications such as ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, or fetal macrosomia.

Choice B is wrong because drinking juice or soda can increase blood glucose levels and worsen hyperglycemia.The woman should drink water or sugar-free beverages if she feels thirsty.

Choice C is wrong because vaginal discharge or itching may indicate a yeast infection, which is more common in women with diabetes, but not a sign of hyperglycemia.The woman should report any signs of infection to her doctor, but also check her blood glucose levels regularly.

Choice D is wrong because stopping insulin or oral medication after delivery can cause blood glucose levels to rise and lead to diabetic ketoacidosis, a life-threatening condition.The woman should consult with her doctor before making any changes to her medication regimen.

Normal ranges for blood glucose levels during pregnancy are:

• Before meals: 60-99 mg/dL

• One hour after meals: 100-129 mg/dL

• Two hours after meals: <120 mg/dL

The correct answer is choice A. Sublingual.

The nurse should use the sublingual route to administer the glucose, which means placing the glucose under the tongue of the woman.This route allows for faster absorption of glucose into the bloodstream than the oral route, which involves swallowing the glucose.This is especially important for a pregnant woman with gestational diabetes and hyperglycemia, who needs to lower her blood sugar levels quickly to avoid complications for herself and her baby.

Choice B. Buccal is wrong because it means placing the glucose inside the cheek against the buccal mucosa.This route has been shown to result in a lower plasma glucose concentration than the oral route, which is not desirable for a woman with hyperglycemia.

Choice C. Oropharyngeal is wrong because it means placing the glucose in the back of the mouth near the throat.This route is not recommended for glucose administration because it can cause choking or aspiration.

Choice D. Nasogastric is wrong because it means inserting a tube through the nose into the stomach and delivering the glucose through the tube.This route is invasive and unnecessary for glucose administration, unless the woman is unable to take glucose by mouth.

Normal ranges for blood glucose levels during pregnancy are 3.5 to 5.9 mmol/l before meals and less than 7.8 mmol/l one hour after meals.