A nurse is documenting the data collected from an assessment of a client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following statements should the nurse use to record objective data?

Choice A reason:

Asking about family history of heart disease or stroke is not a priority question for a client who is experiencing chest pain and shortness of breath. This question may be relevant for assessing the client's risk factors, but it does not address the immediate problem or help to determine the cause of the symptoms. Therefore, this is not the best choice.

Choice B reason:

Asking how long the client has been feeling this way is a priority question for a client who is experiencing chest pain and shortness of breath. This question helps to determine the onset and duration of the symptoms, which are important factors for diagnosing and treating the client. For example, if the client has been feeling this way for more than 20 minutes, it may indicate a myocardial infarction (heart attack), which requires urgent intervention. Therefore, this is the best choice.

Choice C reason:

Asking about medications or supplements is not a priority question for a client who is experiencing chest pain and shortness of breath. This question may be relevant for assessing the client's medical history and possible drug interactions, but it does not address the immediate problem or help to determine the cause of the symptoms. Therefore, this is not the best choice.

Choice D reason:

Asking what the client was doing when the pain started is not a priority question for a client who is experiencing chest pain and shortness of breath. This question may be relevant for assessing the possible triggers or precipitating factors of the symptoms, but it does not address the immediate problem or help to determine the cause of the symptoms. Therefore, this is not the best choice.

Choice A reason:

Independent nursing interventions are actions that nurses can perform by themselves, without any management from a doctor or another discipline. For example, checking vital signs, repositioning a patient, or providing patient education are independent nursing interventions. These interventions do not require a health care provider's order.

Choice B reason:

Dependent nursing interventions are actions that nurses perform under the direction of a physician or as part of a care plan. For example, administering medications, performing diagnostic tests, or inserting an intravenous line are dependent nursing interventions. These interventions require a health care provider's order.

Choice C reason:

Collaborative nursing interventions are actions that nurses perform in coordination with other health care professionals, such as physicians, pharmacists, dietitians, or physical therapists. For example, developing a discharge plan, implementing a wound care protocol, or providing nutritional counseling are collaborative nursing interventions. These interventions may or may not require a health care provider's order, depending on the situation and the scope of practice of the nurse.

Choice D reason:

Evaluative nursing interventions are not a type of intervention, but rather a step in the nursing process. Evaluative nursing interventions are actions that nurses take to assess the outcomes of their care and the effectiveness of their interventions. For example, measuring pain levels, monitoring wound healing, or evaluating patient satisfaction are evaluative nursing interventions. These interventions do not require a health care provider's order.