A nurse is educating a client who has been diagnosed with various types of obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCDs) Select all the themes that can categorize obsessions and compulsions in individuals with OCD.
Fear of heights and open spaces leading to avoidance behaviors.
Repeatedly checking if the stove is turned off before leaving the house.
Feeling the need to touch every object in a room an equal number of times.
Persistent worry about a loved one's safety causing ritualistic prayers.
Strong desire to organize items by color, shape, and size.
Correct Answer : B,C,D
Choice A rationale:
While fear of heights and open spaces leading to avoidance behaviors can be associated with anxiety disorders, it is not a typical theme for obsessions and compulsions in individuals with OCD. OCD themes usually revolve around repetitive thoughts and behaviors that aim to alleviate distress or prevent feared outcomes.
Choice B rationale:
The repeated checking of the stove being turned off before leaving the house is a common obsession and compulsion in individuals with OCD. This behavior stems from the fear of potential harm or danger (e.g., fire) and the compulsive act of checking is performed to reduce anxiety related to the obsession.
Choice C rationale:
Feeling the need to touch every object in a room an equal number of times is another manifestation of OCD. This behavior is driven by the obsession of achieving symmetry, balance, or a sense of completeness through compulsive rituals like touching.
Choice D rationale:
Persistent worry about a loved one's safety causing ritualistic prayers is also a theme seen in OCD. Individuals may feel compelled to engage in repetitive prayers or rituals to protect their loved ones from harm due to their obsessive fears.
Choice E rationale:
The strong desire to organize items by color, shape, and size is more indicative of perfectionism or certain personality traits rather than a typical theme in OCD. OCD usually involves distressing and unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and the corresponding rituals or repetitive behaviors (compulsions) aimed at reducing the distress.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Taking the SSRI in the morning might be recommended to mitigate potential sleep disturbances related to the medication. However, the client's reported difficulty sleeping is likely influenced by factors beyond the timing of medication administration.
Choice B rationale:
The correct response addresses lifestyle modifications that can improve sleep quality. Caffeine and alcohol are known to disrupt sleep, especially when taken close to bedtime. Avoiding these substances can promote better sleep for the client.
Choice C rationale:
Regular exercise can indeed contribute to improved sleep, but its effect might vary for individuals. While exercise can be part of a healthy routine, it might not directly address the client's reported difficulty sleeping due to the SSRI.
Choice D rationale:
Taking a warm bath before bed can promote relaxation and potentially aid in sleep, but it might not be as effective in resolving the client's specific sleep problems related to SSRI use.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
"SSRIs primarily target glutamate modulation in the brain." This statement is inaccurate. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) primarily target the modulation of serotonin levels in the brain, not glutamate. These medications work by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin, which increases the availability of serotonin in the synaptic cleft and helps regulate mood and anxiety.
Choice B rationale:
"SSRIs work by increasing the availability of serotonin in the brain to reduce obsessions and compulsions." This statement accurately describes the role of SSRIs in treating OCD. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that plays a role in mood regulation, and imbalances in serotonin have been implicated in OCD. By increasing the availability of serotonin in the brain, SSRIs can help reduce the frequency and intensity of obsessions and compulsions.
Choice C rationale:
"SSRIs are used to enhance positive emotional outcomes in individuals with OCD." This statement is not accurate. While SSRIs can improve mood and reduce anxiety, their primary role in treating OCD is to alleviate the symptoms of obsessions and compulsions by affecting neurotransmitter levels. They are not specifically used to enhance positive emotional outcomes.
Choice D rationale:
"SSRIs are reserved for individuals who have ego-syntonic obsessions and compulsions." This statement is incorrect. Ego-syntonic obsessions and compulsions are those that are consistent with a person's self-image and beliefs, and individuals may not feel a strong need to resist or change them. SSRIs are used to treat both ego-dystonic (inconsistent with self-image) and ego-syntonic obsessions and compulsions in OCD, as these medications target the underlying neurochemical imbalances that contribute to the disorder's symptoms.
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