A nurse is educating a client who has osteoarthritis of the knee. Which of the following explanations should the nurse give to the client as part of the disease process?
Damage to cartilage and bone can progressively worsen.
Organ failure in later stages may occur without treatment.
Inflammation will resolve over time.
There will be periods of flare-ups and remission of symptoms.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Damage to cartilage and bone can progressively worsen. This is a characteristic of osteoarthritis. The disease is a degenerative joint disease that results in the loss of cartilage, which cushions the ends of bones in joints. As the disease progresses, the cartilage becomes thinner and may wear away entirely, causing the bones to rub against each other. This can result in pain, stiffness, and loss of joint movement.
Choice B reason:
Organ failure in later stages may occur without treatment. This statement is not typically associated with osteoarthritis. While osteoarthritis can significantly impact a person's quality of life, it does not directly cause organ failure. However, it's important to manage osteoarthritis effectively to maintain overall health and prevent secondary complications.
Choice C reason:
Inflammation will resolve over time. This is not typically true for osteoarthritis. While some people with osteoarthritis may experience periods of reduced symptoms, the underlying disease process does not resolve over time. In fact, osteoarthritis usually worsens over time.
Choice D reason:
There will be periods of flare-ups and remission of symptoms. This is true for many people with osteoarthritis. Symptoms can vary and may become more severe during periods of activity or stress on the joint. Conversely, symptoms may decrease during periods of rest or with effective management strategies.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason:
The statement that symptoms can worsen with penile penetration during intercourse is partially correct. While sexual activity may exacerbate feelings of bulging or discomfort associated with uterine prolapse, it does not typically worsen the prolapse itself⁹. Painful intercourse, known as dyspareunia, is a common symptom of pelvic organ prolapse, which includes uterine prolapse.
Choice B reason:
Feeling a sensation of pressure in the pelvis is a classic symptom of uterine prolapse. As the uterus descends into the vaginal canal, it can create a sensation of fullness or pressure that is often noticeable and uncomfortable for the patient.
Choice C reason:
Low back pain is indeed a symptom that can be associated with uterine prolapse. The weakening of pelvic floor muscles and ligaments that leads to prolapse can also contribute to discomfort in the lower back.
Choice D reason:
The presence of feces in the vagina would not be a direct symptom of uterine prolapse. However, a related condition called rectocele, where the rectum bulges into the vagina, could cause such a symptom. This condition is different from uterine prolapse and would require separate management.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Resuming a regular diet immediately after the test may not always be recommended. Depending on the individual's condition and the specific instructions from the healthcare provider, there may be dietary restrictions before or after the procedure.
Choice B reason:
Encouraging fluid intake after the procedure is important because it helps to flush out the contrast dye used during the IVP. Adequate hydration can aid in the elimination of the dye and reduce the risk of kidney damage, especially in individuals with pre-existing kidney conditions.
Choice C reason:
This statement is incorrect. An IVP does not use high-frequency sound waves; it involves taking X-ray images of the urinary tract after a contrast dye is injected into a vein. The dye outlines the kidneys, ureters, and bladder on the X-ray images.
Choice D reason:
The presence of red blood cells in the urinalysis does not typically result in the cancellation of an IVP. However, certain conditions, such as an allergy to the contrast dye or severe kidney impairment, may contraindicate the use of an IVP.
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