A nurse is assessing a client who has Paget's disease of the bone. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

Cold extremities

Skeletal pain

Visual loss

Cranial enlargement

Abnormal gait

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,D,E

Choice A reason:
Cold extremities are not a typical symptom associated with Paget's disease of the bone. This condition usually does not affect the temperature of the limbs directly.
Choice B reason:
Skeletal pain is a common symptom in Paget's disease due to the abnormal bone remodeling process. The affected bones may become painful, especially in the pelvis, spine, skull, and long bones.
Choice C reason:
Visual loss can occur if Paget's disease affects the skull, leading to increased pressure on the nerves associated with vision. This pressure can result in visual impairment or loss.
Choice D reason:
Cranial enlargement is a possible finding in Paget's disease when the skull is involved. The abnormal bone growth can cause the skull to increase in size.
Choice E reason:
An abnormal gait may develop if Paget's disease affects the legs, causing the bones to bow and leading to difficulty walking.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:
Hay fever allergy, also known as allergic rhinitis, is primarily associated with the action of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies and not directly with T-cells. T-cells can contribute to the regulation of the immune response in allergies, but IgE is the main immunoglobulin involved in the typical symptoms of hay fever.

Choice B reason:
Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that involves the release of large amounts of histamine and other chemicals from mast cells and basophils, often triggered by IgE antibodies. While T-cells can play a role in the sensitization phase of allergy, anaphylaxis itself is not directly caused by T-cells.

Choice C reason:
Transplant rejection is a process in which T-cells play a central role. When a transplant recipient's immune system recognizes the donated organ as foreign, T-cells can mediate the rejection by attacking the transplanted tissue, leading to its failure.

Choice D reason:
Bacterial phagocytosis is primarily the function of phagocytes like neutrophils and macrophages. T-cells are involved in the adaptive immune response and can activate phagocytes, but they do not directly perform phagocytosis.

A. "It is caused by the lack of production of insulin by the pancreas." B. "It is caused by the overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland." C. "It is caused by the overproduction of parathormone by the parathyroid gland." D. "It is caused by the lack of production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:
The lack of insulin production by the pancreas is related to diabetes mellitus, not Addison's disease. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels, and its deficiency leads to diabetes, not Addison's disease.

Choice B reason:
The overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland leads to conditions such as acromegaly or gigantism, depending on the age at which the hormone levels become elevated. It is not related to Addison's disease, which involves the adrenal glands, not the pituitary gland.

Choice C reason:
The overproduction of parathormone by the parathyroid glands leads to hyperparathyroidism, which can cause a variety of symptoms including bone pain, kidney stones, and abdominal pain. This condition is not related to Addison's disease.

Choice D reason:
Addison's disease is indeed caused by the lack of production of hormones by the adrenal glands, particularly cortisol and aldosterone. Aldosterone helps to maintain blood pressure and the balance of sodium and potassium in the blood. When the adrenal glands do not produce enough aldosterone, it can lead to symptoms such as low blood pressure and salt cravings, which are characteristic of Addison's disease.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has Paget's disease of the bone. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

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