A nurse is educating a group of pregnant women about neural tube defects.
Which of the following conditions should the nurse mention as an example of a neural tube defect?

Choice A rationale

Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, is a condition that is most commonly seen in individuals with diabetes. Symptoms can include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. If left untreated, it can lead to serious complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis.

Choice B rationale

Anemia is a condition characterized by a decrease in the total amount of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood, or a lowered ability of the blood to carry oxygen. Symptoms can include fatigue, weakness, pale or yellowish skin, irregular heartbeats, shortness of breath, dizziness or lightheadedness, and chest pain.

Choice C rationale

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin, a hormone needed to allow sugar (glucose) to enter cells to produce energy. The far more common type 2 diabetes occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn’t make enough insulin.

Choice D rationale

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a common condition in which the long-term force of the blood against your artery walls is high enough that it may eventually cause health problems, such as heart disease. If the nurse is reviewing the client’s medical records and actions to be taken, it is likely that the client is experiencing hypertension.

Choice A rationale

While followers demonstrating high critical thinking are valuable, passive contribution may not be as beneficial to a nurse leader’s performance. Active participation is often more beneficial in a healthcare setting, as it allows for the exchange of ideas and collaborative problem-solving.

Choice B rationale

Followers who are dependent and passive when they disagree may not contribute effectively to the team’s performance. Constructive disagreement can lead to better decision-making and innovation. Therefore, passive disagreement may not be the most beneficial trait for a nurse leader.

Choice C rationale

Followers who are active contributors and participate in developing and analyzing ideas are highly beneficial to a nurse leader’s performance. Active participation fosters a collaborative environment, encourages the exchange of ideas, and leads to innovative solutions. This type of follower can significantly enhance the performance of a nurse leader and the overall team.

Choice D rationale

While participation in developing and analyzing ideas is important, not being an active contributor can limit the effectiveness of this participation. Active contribution is key to fostering a collaborative and innovative environment.