A nurse is educating the mother of a newborn who was born small for gestational age. Which of the following should the nurse include as a potential cause of this condition?
Perinatal asphyxia.
Preterm delivery.
Fetal hyperinsulinemia.
Placental insufficiency.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Perinatal asphyxia refers to a lack of oxygen flow to the fetus around the time of birth. This can lead to multiple organ dysfunction and neurological issues, but it is not a common cause of a newborn being small for gestational age.
Choice B rationale
Preterm delivery can result in a newborn being small for their gestational age simply because they have not had the full amount of time to grow in the womb. However, preterm babies are typically compared to other preterm babies when assessing size, not to full-term babies.
Choice C rationale
Fetal hyperinsulinemia, or an excess of insulin in the fetus, can lead to excessive growth and a larger-than-average baby size (macrosomia), not a smaller size.
Choice D rationale
Placental insufficiency, where the placenta does not work as well as it should, can limit the amount of oxygen and nutrients the fetus receives. This can restrict the baby’s growth, leading to a small size for gestational age.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Neonatal abstinence syndrome is a condition that results from withdrawal from exposure to narcotics. It is not related to the newborn’s weight.
Choice B rationale
While a yellowish skin tone may indicate jaundice, this is not directly related to the newborn’s weight. Jaundice is caused by an excess of bilirubin, a yellow-orange substance in the blood.
Choice C rationale
Newborns with low birth weight are at risk for hypoglycemia because they have less stored glycogen. They may use up their glucose stores quickly and not have enough intake to maintain their blood glucose levels.
Choice D rationale
Neonatal sepsis is a severe infection in an infant less than 28 days old. It is not directly related to the newborn’s weight but can be associated with maternal infection.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Monitoring axillary temperature is important for all newborns to prevent hypothermia. However, it is not the priority intervention for a newborn who is small for gestational age (SGA). These newborns are at a higher risk for hypoglycemia due to decreased stores of glycogen and a lower rate of gluconeogenesis.
Choice B rationale
Monitoring weight is important for all infants, and ongoing monitoring is important for infants who are SGA. However, it is not the priority intervention for this client at this time.
Choice C rationale
This is the correct answer. Newborns who are SGA are at a higher risk for hypoglycemia. Therefore, monitoring of blood glucose levels is a priority intervention.
Choice D rationale
Providing age-appropriate stimulation is important for all newborns. However, it is not the priority intervention for a newborn who is SGA2.
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