A nurse is explaining the purpose of a renal ultrasound to a client with acute renal failure. What information can the nurse provide about this imaging test?

A. Correct. Loop diuretics can cause potassium loss and potentially lead to hypokalemia. The nurse should monitor the client's serum potassium levels frequently to assess for any imbalances.

B. Incorrect. While loop diuretics can be given intravenously for rapid action, the administration route depends on the client's condition and the healthcare provider's order.

C. Incorrect. Loop diuretics are used to promote diuresis and fluid removal from the body. Encouraging fluid restriction while on diuretic therapy may exacerbate dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.

D. Incorrect. The timing of loop diuretic administration is determined by the healthcare provider's order and the client's specific needs. Taking diuretics at bedtime may result in increased nighttime urination and sleep disruption.

QUESTIONS

A. Incorrect. Increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) would lead to increased urine output, not decreased urine output.

B. Incorrect. Obstruction of the urethra would cause postrenal acute renal failure and may lead to urinary retention, but it would not cause decreased urine output in prerenal or intrinsic acute renal failure.

C. Correct. In prerenal and intrinsic acute renal failure, impaired blood flow to the kidneys reduces the perfusion of nephrons, leading to decreased urine output.

D. Incorrect. Excessive fluid intake may contribute to fluid overload and decreased urine output in prerenal acute renal failure, but it is not the primary pathophysiological process that leads to decreased urine output.