A nurse is obtaining a capillary blood sample from a newborn for phenylketonuria testing.

Identify the sequence of steps the nurse should follow.

(Move the steps into the box on the right, placing them in the order of performance.

Use all the steps.)

Choice A rationale

Mongolian spots are common, benign skin markings that some newborns have, but they are not related to rubella exposure during pregnancy.

Choice B rationale

Jaundice is a common condition in newborns, characterized by a yellowing of the skin and eyes, usually due to an immature liver. It's not specifically linked to maternal rubella exposure.

Choice C rationale

Transient strabismus, or temporary misalignment of the eyes, can occur in newborns but is unrelated to rubella. It usually resolves on its own as the newborn's muscles develop.

Choice D rationale

Deafness is a significant risk associated with congenital rubella syndrome. Rubella can damage the developing auditory system in utero, leading to permanent hearing loss in the newborn.

Choice A rationale

Bleeding gums can be common during pregnancy due to increased blood flow and hormonal changes that affect the gums, causing them to be more sensitive and prone to bleeding. It's usually not a cause for immediate concern unless it's severe or accompanied by other symptoms.

Choice B rationale

Abdominal cramping at 26 weeks of gestation could indicate preterm labor or other complications, such as placental abruption. It's a significant symptom that needs immediate medical attention to ensure both maternal and fetal well-being.

Choice C rationale

White vaginal discharge, known as leukorrhea, is common during pregnancy due to increased production of estrogen and greater blood flow to the vaginal area. It helps prevent infections and usually does not indicate a problem unless it has a foul odor or is accompanied by itching or irritation.

Choice D rationale

Asymptomatic palpitations are relatively common during pregnancy due to increased blood volume and changes in circulation. They usually don't indicate a serious problem unless they're severe, persistent, or accompanied by other symptoms like chest pain or shortness of breath.