A nurse is performing a physical assessment for a school-age child who has acute glomerulonephritis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Decreased blood pressure
Weight loss
Elevated serum protein levels
Tea-colored urine
The Correct Answer is D
A. Decreased blood pressure: Acute glomerulonephritis typically causes fluid retention and increased vascular resistance, leading to elevated blood pressure rather than decreased blood pressure. Hypertension is a common finding due to impaired kidney function.
B. Weight loss: Clients with acute glomerulonephritis often experience fluid retention, resulting in weight gain rather than weight loss. Edema and increased extracellular fluid volume contribute to this weight gain.
C. Elevated serum protein levels: Serum protein levels are usually decreased in acute glomerulonephritis because protein is lost in the urine (proteinuria). This loss reduces the overall serum protein concentration, especially albumin.
D. Tea-colored urine: Tea-colored or cola-colored urine is a classic sign of acute glomerulonephritis. It results from hematuria caused by red blood cells leaking through the inflamed glomeruli into the urine, giving it a dark, discolored appearance.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Place your nonwashable items in sealed plastic bags for up to 5 days: Sealing nonwashable items in plastic bags for at least 72 hours (3 days) is recommended to kill the mites, since they cannot survive without a human host for more than a few days. Five days is longer than necessary.
B. You will need to give your child a course of corticosteroids: Corticosteroids are not a standard treatment for scabies; instead, topical scabicides like permethrin cream are used. Corticosteroids might be prescribed only if there is severe itching or inflammation, but they do not treat the infestation itself.
C. Your entire home will need to be thoroughly cleaned: While laundering bedding, clothing, and towels used in the last 3 days is necessary, extensive cleaning of the entire home beyond these items is not required to eradicate scabies mites.
D. Any person who has been in close contact with the child needs treatment: Treating close contacts simultaneously is essential to prevent reinfestation and control the spread of scabies, even if they do not yet show symptoms. This is the most critical step in managing scabies outbreaks.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Obtain a prescription for lorazepam: Sedation may be used in some cases, but routinely sedating a toddler post-cleft lip and palate repair is not the first-line intervention to prevent incision site trauma.
B. Place the toddler in bilateral elbow restraints: Elbow restraints are commonly used to prevent toddlers from touching or injuring the surgical site after cleft lip and palate repair, protecting the incision during healing.
C. Place the child in a mummy restraint: Mummy restraints restrict the entire body and can increase distress and anxiety; they are generally avoided unless absolutely necessary.
D. Swaddle the toddler in a blanket: Swaddling can provide comfort and limit movement, but it is less effective than elbow restraints at specifically preventing the child from touching the incision site.
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