A nurse is planning an educational program at a local senior center for older adult clients who have heart failure. Which of the following Instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Weigh yourself every other day.

Walk three or more times a week.

Drink 2.5 to 3 L of water daily.

Include whole milk with each meal.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Weighing every other day is insufficient for heart failure management. Daily weight monitoring is essential to detect fluid retention early, as even small increases can indicate worsening heart failure and the need for medication adjustment.

B. Walking three or more times a week helps improve cardiovascular health and endurance without overexerting the heart. Regular, moderate exercise is recommended for heart failure clients to support functional status and prevent deconditioning.

C. Drinking 2.5 to 3 liters of water daily can lead to fluid overload in heart failure patients. These clients often require fluid restrictions to prevent worsening symptoms such as edema and shortness of breath due to impaired cardiac function.

D. Including whole milk with each meal increases saturated fat intake, which can worsen heart health. Low-fat dairy options are better suited for individuals with heart failure to manage cholesterol and cardiovascular risk.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Lock the computer with their password: Locking the computer can secure the session temporarily, but it still leaves the session open and accessible if not properly locked. Logging out fully ends the session and prevents unauthorized access.

B. Minimize the computer application: Minimizing the computer application does not secure the client's electronic health record. The application is still open and accessible with a click, making it a significant breach of confidentiality if someone else accesses the computer.

C. Close the computer screen: Closing the computer screen (e.g., folding down a laptop lid) often puts the computer to sleep or locks the screen. While it provides some level of protection, it is not as secure as logging out, especially if the computer can be easily re-opened or if the lock mechanism isn't immediate.

D. Log out of the computer: Logging out completely ends the session and requires re-authentication for access, ensuring client data confidentiality and compliance with privacy regulations such as HIPAA.

A. Maintain a BMI between 28 and 32. B. Participate in weight-bearing exercises. C. Complete a lead poisoning screening every two years D. Receive an influenza vaccine every year. E. Limit alcohol to no more than one drink per day or four per week

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Maintain a BMI between 28 and 32: A healthy BMI range is typically 18.5 to 24.9. A BMI of 28–32 is considered overweight or obese, which increases the risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and joint problems. Therefore, this is not a recommended target for older adults.

B. Participate in weight-bearing exercises: Weight-bearing activities, such as walking or light strength training, help maintain bone density and prevent osteoporosis. They also support mobility, balance, and cardiovascular health in older adults.

C. Complete a lead poisoning screening every two years: Lead screening is generally targeted toward children or adults at occupational risk. Routine screening for lead poisoning is not recommended for older adults unless specific exposure risk is identified.

D. Receive an influenza vaccine every year: Yearly influenza vaccination is recommended for older adults due to their increased risk of complications from flu infections. It is a key component of preventive care.

E. Limit alcohol to no more than one drink per day or four per week: Older adults metabolize alcohol differently and are more sensitive to its effects. Limiting intake as recommended reduces the risk of falls, liver damage, and interactions with medications.

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A nurse is planning an educational program at a local senior center for older adult clients who have heart failure. Which of the following Instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

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