A nurse is planning care for a client who has a benzodiazepine overdose. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

Administer naloxone (Narcan)

Administer flumazenil (Romazicon)

Administer activated charcoal

Administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Correct answer: b) Administer flumazenil (Romazicon)

Rationale: Flumazenil is an antidote for benzodiazepine overdose that works by blocking the benzodiazepine receptors in the brain. It can reverse the effects of benzodiazepines such as sedation, respiratory depression, and coma.

Incorrect choices:

a) Administer naloxone (Narcan): Naloxone is an antidote for opioid overdose that works by displacing opioids from their receptors in the brain. It has no effect on benzodiazepines or their receptors.

c) Administer activated charcoal: Activated charcoal is a substance that binds to drugs or toxins in the gastrointestinal tract and prevents their absorption into the bloodstream. It may be useful for some cases of drug overdose, but it is not effective for benzodiazepines as they are rapidly absorbed and distributed in the body.

d) Administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst): Acetylcysteine is an antidote for acetaminophen overdose that works by replenishing glutathione, a substance that helps detoxify acetaminophen in the liver. It has no effect on benzodiazepines or their metabolism.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct answer: a) Grapefruit juice

Rationale: Grapefruit juice can increase the blood levels of alprazolam and other benzodiazepines by inhibiting their metabolism in the liver. This can result in increased sedation, drowsiness, and risk of adverse effects.

Incorrect choices:

b) Green tea: Green tea does not interact with alprazolam or other benzodiazepines.

c) Vitamin C: Vitamin C does not interact with alprazolam or other benzodiazepines.

d) Calcium supplements: Calcium supplements do not interact with alprazolam or other benzodiazepines.

A. Constipation and dry mouth B. Drowsiness and respiratory depression C. Nausea and vomiting D. Pupillary constriction and itching

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct answer: b) Drowsiness and respiratory depression

Rationale: Drowsiness and respiratory depression are signs of opioid overdose and indicate that the client is taking more than the prescribed dose or combining oxycodone with other depressants. The nurse should monitor the client's vital signs, administer naloxone if indicated, and report the situation to the prescriber.

Incorrect choices:
a) Constipation and dry mouth: These are common side effects of opioids and do not necessarily indicate abuse.
c) Nausea and vomiting: These are also common side effects of opioids and can be managed with antiemetics.
d) Pupillary constriction and itching: These are also common side effects of opioids and do not necessarily indicate abuse.

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A nurse is planning care for a client who has a benzodiazepine overdose. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

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