A nurse is planning teaching for a male client who has hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should plan to instruct the client that these two factors increase the client's risk for which of the following conditions?

Stroke

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

Meniere’s disease

Hemophilia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) Stroke:
Hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus both contribute significantly to the development of atherosclerosis, which can lead to stroke. High levels of lipids in the blood can cause plaque buildup in the arteries, and diabetes can damage blood vessels and increase the likelihood of clots forming.

B) Benign prostatic hyperplasia:
While benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common condition in older men, it is not directly related to hyperlipidemia or diabetes. It is more related to age and hormonal changes rather than metabolic or vascular conditions.

C) Meniere’s disease:
Meniere's disease is a disorder of the inner ear that leads to vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss. It is not associated with hyperlipidemia or diabetes. The primary risk factors are genetic predisposition and abnormalities in the ear's fluid dynamics.

D) Hemophilia:
Hemophilia is a genetic disorder that affects the blood's ability to clot. It is inherited and not influenced by lifestyle-related conditions such as hyperlipidemia or diabetes. The risk factors for hemophilia are primarily genetic, with no direct link to metabolic conditions.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Lymphocytes 30%:
Lymphocyte levels are typically elevated during the acute phase of mononucleosis as the body fights the Epstein-Barr virus. A level of 30% indicates that the lymphocyte count is returning to a more normal range, which suggests the client is recovering from the infection.

B) RBC 4.4:
The red blood cell count is not directly indicative of recovery from mononucleosis. While it provides information about the client's overall hematologic status, it does not specifically reflect the status of the viral infection.

C) Hgb 14 g/dL:
Hemoglobin levels can provide information about the client's oxygen-carrying capacity but do not specifically indicate recovery from mononucleosis. Normal hemoglobin levels are reassuring but not directly related to the viral infection's resolution.

D) Hct 42%:
Hematocrit levels, like hemoglobin, offer information about the client's blood composition but do not directly indicate recovery from mononucleosis. While normal hematocrit levels are desirable, they are not specific to the recovery status of the viral illness.

A. "After chewing an antacid, wait 1 hour before drinking water." B. "Plan to have a bedtime snack each evening." C. "Elevate the head of your bed 12 inches." D. "Eat a sugar-free peppermint when symptoms occur."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) "After chewing an antacid, wait 1 hour before drinking water.": This is incorrect advice as drinking water after taking an antacid can help wash the medication down and ensure it reaches the stomach effectively. Waiting an hour to drink water is unnecessary and does not benefit GERD management.

B) "Plan to have a bedtime snack each evening.": Having a bedtime snack can exacerbate GERD symptoms by increasing stomach acid production just before lying down. Clients with GERD should avoid eating close to bedtime to minimize symptoms.

C) "Elevate the head of your bed 12 inches.": Elevating the head of the bed helps prevent stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus during sleep, which can reduce nighttime GERD symptoms. This is a recommended non-pharmacological intervention for managing GERD.

D) "Eat a sugar-free peppermint when symptoms occur.": Peppermint can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, potentially worsening GERD symptoms by allowing stomach acid to reflux into the esophagus. Therefore, peppermint is not recommended for managing GERD symptoms.

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A nurse is planning teaching for a male client who has hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should plan to instruct the client that these two factors increase the client's risk for which of the following conditions?

Nursing Test Bank

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Explanation

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