A nurse is planning to apply a transdermal analgesic cream prior to inserting an IV for a preschool-age child. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? (Select all that apply)

A. While heparin and warfarin both work as anticoagulants, IV heparin is not typically used to increase the effects of warfarin or decrease the length of hospital stay. Heparin is often administered initially to rapidly achieve therapeutic anticoagulation while waiting for warfarin to reach its full therapeutic effect, but it is not intended to directly enhance the action of warfarin.
B. This statement is accurate and provides a clear explanation to the client. Warfarin, an oral anticoagulant, takes several days to achieve a therapeutic level in the bloodstream and to exert its anticoagulant effect. During this time, IV heparin is continued to prevent clot formation until the therapeutic level of warfarin is reached.
C. While both heparin and warfarin work to prevent blood clots, they do not directly dissolve existing clots. Rather, they prevent the formation of new clots and the growth of existing ones. This explanation does not fully address the client's question regarding why both medications are necessary.
D. Discontinuing IV heparin prematurely without reaching a therapeutic level of warfarin could increase the risk of thrombus formation or embolization. Therefore, discontinuing IV heparin should be done under the guidance of the provider based on the client's INR levels and the target therapeutic range for warfarin.

A. "I will feel less hungry during meals while I am taking orlistat": Orlistat works by blocking the absorption of dietary fat in the intestines rather than suppressing appetite. Therefore, it does not typically reduce hunger during meals.
B. "I will eat a no-fat diet to prevent side effects from the medication": Orlistat can cause gastrointestinal side effects such as oily stools, fecal incontinence, and flatulence, particularly when consumed with high-fat meals. While reducing fat intake can help minimize these side effects, it is not necessary to eliminate fat entirely from the diet. The statement is partially correct but not the best response indicating full understanding.
C. "I will stop taking orlistat and call my doctor if my urine gets darker in color": Dark urine can indicate liver problems, which are a potential side effect of orlistat. Therefore, it is crucial for the client to monitor for this symptom and contact their healthcare provider if it occurs. This response indicates that the client understands the potential adverse effects of the medication.
D. "I will take my dose of orlistat every morning an hour before breakfast": Orlistat is typically taken with meals or up to one hour after eating. Taking it on an empty stomach before breakfast is not recommended.