A nurse is planning to reinforce teaching with a client about the need to follow a low-potassium diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? (Select all that apply.)

Butter

Yogurt

Pears

Orange juice

Cabbage

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D

A. Butter is a dairy product, but it is not typically high in potassium. It is generally safe for clients following a low-potassium diet. Therefore, clients do not need to avoid butter specifically for its potassium content.
B. Yogurt, especially the varieties that are not low-fat or non-fat, can have a significant amount of potassium.
C Pears are generally considered low in potassium and are usually safe to include in a low-potassium diet.
D. Orange juice is a fruit juice and is naturally high in potassium. Clients should avoid or limit orange juice when following a low-potassium diet due to its potassium content.
E. Cabbage is a vegetable that is generally low in potassium. It is safe for clients following a low-potassium diet and does not need to be avoided for its potassium content.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Positioning the client's arm above heart level can result in a falsely low blood pressure reading. This is because gravity assists in the flow of blood downward, artificially reducing the pressure measured in the arteries. For accurate blood pressure measurement, the client's arm should be positioned at heart level or slightly below heart level.
B. If the blood pressure cuff is wrapped too loosely around the client's arm, it can lead to inaccurate readings. A loose cuff may allow leakage of air during inflation or may not provide sufficient compression to accurately detect the arterial pressure pulses.
C. Deflating the cuff too slowly can cause a falsely high diastolic pressure reading. When the cuff is deflated slowly, the pressure in the cuff remains close to the systolic pressure for a longer duration, leading to incorrect readings, especially in diastolic pressure.
Blood pressure can temporarily increase after meals due to digestion, particularly in clients with hypertension. Measuring blood pressure immediately after a meal may result in a higher reading that does not reflect the client's baseline blood pressure. However, this would typically lead to a higher reading rather than a lower one.

A. The oliguric phase lasts for 2 days. B. The client's urine output is less than 400 mL per 24 hours. C. The oliguric phase begins within 1 month of the injury. D. The client's BUN and creatinine decreases during this phase.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The oliguric phase of AKI typically lasts longer than 2 days. It can extend from several days to weeks, depending on the underlying cause and the response to treatment.
B. During the oliguric phase of AKI, urine output is significantly reduced. Typically, urine output is less than 400 mL per day, but it can vary widely based on the severity of kidney injury and individual factors.
C. The oliguric phase of AKI usually begins within a few days to a week after the initial injury. It is characterized by a sudden decrease in urine output and may be accompanied by electrolyte imbalances and fluid overload.
D. During the oliguric phase of AKI, there is typically a buildup of waste products such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine in the blood. These levels rise because the kidneys are unable to effectively filter and excrete waste products. Therefore, BUN and creatinine levels usually increase during the oliguric phase.

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A nurse is planning to reinforce teaching with a client about the need to follow a low-potassium diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

When a nurse obtains an unusually low blood pressure measurement for a client whose blood pressure is generally elevated, she considers the possibility of a problem with her technique. Which of the following sources of error should she consider as a possible cause of the low reading?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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