A nurse is preparing a client who is scheduled for an echocardiogram the following day. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include about the test?

It requires lying quietly on one side."

It might cause slight discomfort in the chest area."

"It is best to have no food or beverages the day of the test."

"It takes about 5 or 10 minutes."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. "It requires lying quietly on one side": This is the correct answer. During an echocardiogram, the client is typically asked to lie on their left side to obtain clear images of the heart. The test is non-invasive and involves using ultrasound waves to create images of the heart's structures.

B. "It might cause slight discomfort in the chest area": Echocardiograms are generally painless and do not cause discomfort. They are a non-invasive imaging technique that uses sound waves.

C. "It is best to have no food or beverages the day of the test": While the client may be instructed to avoid eating or drinking shortly before the test, this statement is too restrictive. The specific fasting instructions will be provided by the healthcare provider or facility.

D. "It takes about 5 or 10 minutes": The duration of an echocardiogram can vary, but it typically takes longer than 5 or 10 minutes. The test duration depends on various factors, including the complexity of the study and the information needed.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) level of 70 mg/dL: Having a high HDL level is generally considered a protective factor against cardiovascular disease, including hypertension.

B. A diet high in potassium: A diet high in potassium is often associated with a lower risk of hypertension. Potassium helps balance sodium levels and supports healthy blood pressure.

C. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): This is the correct answer. Obstructive sleep apnea is a known risk factor for hypertension. The repeated episodes of interrupted breathing during sleep can contribute to increased blood pressure.

D. Taking benazepril: Benazepril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor commonly used to treat hypertension. While it is used to manage high blood pressure, taking the medication itself is not a risk factor for developing hypertension.

A. "DIC is controllable with lifelong heparin usage." B. "DIC is caused by abnormal coagulation involving fibrinogen." C. "DIC is a genetic disorder involving a vitamin K deficiency." D. "DIC is characterized by an elevated platelet count."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "DIC is controllable with lifelong heparin usage": This statement is not accurate. While heparin may be used in the treatment of DIC, it is not a lifelong therapy, and the approach to treatment depends on the underlying cause.

B. "DIC is caused by abnormal coagulation involving fibrinogen": This is the correct answer. DIC is a condition characterized by widespread activation of the clotting cascade, leading to the formation of microthrombi throughout the body. Abnormal coagulation involves the consumption of clotting factors, including fibrinogen.

C. "DIC is a genetic disorder involving a vitamin K deficiency": This statement is not accurate. DIC is not a genetic disorder, and it is not primarily related to vitamin K deficiency. It is an acquired condition often associated with severe infections, sepsis, trauma, or other critical illnesses.

D. "DIC is characterized by an elevated platelet count": This statement is not accurate. In DIC, there is often a decrease in platelet count due to consumption and activation of platelets in the widespread formation of microthrombi.

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A nurse is preparing a client who is scheduled for an echocardiogram the following day. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include about the test?

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