A nurse is preparing to administer albuterol syrup 1.6 mg PO tid. Available is albuterol 2 mg/5mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

A. Supportive feedback: This term refers to positive, constructive input that aims to help a colleague improve their practice or decision-making. Nurse Taylor's behavior does not reflect supportive feedback; rather, it is negative and undermining, contributing to a hostile work environment.
B. Lateral violence: This term describes aggressive or bullying behavior exhibited by colleagues at the same hierarchical level. Nurse Taylor's sarcastic remarks and belittling comments toward Nurse Jordan are clear examples of lateral violence, as they create a toxic atmosphere and negatively impact team dynamics. This behavior can lead to increased stress and decreased morale among team members.
C. Workplace violence: While Nurse Taylor's behavior can be considered a form of workplace violence in a broader sense, it is more specifically classified as lateral violence. Workplace violence generally encompasses physical threats or harm, while lateral violence focuses on verbal and emotional abuse among coworkers.
D. Constructive criticism: Constructive criticism involves providing feedback aimed at improving performance while maintaining respect and professionalism. Nurse Taylor's sarcastic remarks do not meet this definition, as they are not aimed at helping Nurse Jordan but rather serve to belittle and undermine her. Therefore, this behavior is not constructive and instead falls into the category of lateral violence.

A. Encourage the client to take breaks from oxygen use to prevent tolerance. Oxygen therapy does not cause "tolerance," and taking breaks can lead to hypoxemia in COPD clients. Continuous low-flow oxygen is essential to maintaining adequate oxygenation while avoiding hypercapnia. Stopping oxygen therapy intermittently can increase the risk of respiratory distress.
B. Assess cheeks and posterior ears for signs of skin breakdown. While it is important to monitor for pressure injuries from nasal cannula tubing, this is a general nursing consideration for all patients receiving oxygen therapy. It is not the highest priority when managing oxygen therapy in clients with COPD, where maintaining appropriate oxygen levels is critical.
C. Maintain nasal oxygen at a 1 to 2 liter/minute flow rate. Clients with COPD often have chronic CO₂ retention and rely on hypoxic drive for ventilation. Administering high-flow oxygen can suppress their respiratory drive, leading to CO₂ narcosis and respiratory failure. To prevent this, oxygen should be administered at the lowest effective flow rate, typically 1 to 2 L/min via nasal cannula, while closely monitoring oxygen saturation and blood gases.
D. Teach the client how to safely increase oxygen flow when they deem necessary. Allowing a client with COPD to adjust their oxygen flow independently can be dangerous, as excessive oxygen can lead to hypercapnia and respiratory depression. Oxygen adjustments should be made based on clinical assessments and healthcare provider orders.