A nurse is preparing to administer an IV osmotic diuretic to a client with increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following should the nurse identify as the purpose of the medication?

To lower intracranial pressure by increasing urinary output.

To reduce cerebral blood flow.

To prevent the formation of cerebral edema.

To decrease brain oxygen consumption.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. The primary purpose of administering an osmotic diuretic, such as mannitol, is to lower ICP by promoting diuresis, which results in increased urinary output and decreases fluid volume in the brain.
B. Osmotic diuretics do not specifically reduce cerebral blood flow; rather, they work by reducing fluid volume and thus intracranial pressure.
C. While osmotic diuretics can help manage edema, their primary role is not solely to prevent the formation of cerebral edema but to actively reduce existing pressure.
D. Osmotic diuretics do not directly decrease brain oxygen consumption; their main function is to create an osmotic gradient that pulls fluid from the brain to reduce ICP.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Hypertension has been associated with an increased risk of cataract development due to vascular changes that may affect the eye’s lens.
B. A family history of cataracts increases an individual's risk, as there may be a genetic predisposition to developing the condition.
C. Obesity is linked to cataracts, possibly due to metabolic effects that affect lens clarity over time.
E. Increasing age is a well-established risk factor for cataracts, as natural aging processes lead to changes in lens transparency.
D. Wearing sunglasses protects against UV exposure, which can lower the risk of cataracts, making it a preventive measure rather than a risk factor.

A. Hypertension B. Weakened gag reflex C. Absence of bowel sounds D. Bradycardia E. Tachycardia

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A. Hypertension can occur due to autonomic dysreflexia, especially in clients with cervical spinal cord injuries, as they may have exaggerated sympathetic responses.
B. A weakened gag reflex can result from cranial nerve involvement due to the cervical spinal cord injury, impacting the client's ability to protect their airway.
C. Absence of bowel sounds may indicate bowel immobility or dysfunction; however, it is not a direct complication of a cervical spinal cord injury.
D. Bradycardia is a common finding in cervical spinal cord injuries due to impaired sympathetic nervous system function, leading to decreased heart rate.
E. Tachycardia is less common in cervical injuries and is typically associated with lower injuries in the spinal cord.

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A nurse is preparing to administer an IV osmotic diuretic to a client with increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following should the nurse identify as the purpose of the medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing information about eye health for a community health fair. Which of the following information related to risk factors for cataracts should the nurse include? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

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