A nurse is preparing to administer an IV osmotic diuretic to a client with increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following should the nurse identify as the purpose of the medication?

To lower intracranial pressure by increasing urinary output.

To reduce cerebral blood flow.

To prevent the formation of cerebral edema.

To decrease brain oxygen consumption.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. The primary purpose of administering an osmotic diuretic, such as mannitol, is to lower ICP by promoting diuresis, which results in increased urinary output and decreases fluid volume in the brain.
B. Osmotic diuretics do not specifically reduce cerebral blood flow; rather, they work by reducing fluid volume and thus intracranial pressure.
C. While osmotic diuretics can help manage edema, their primary role is not solely to prevent the formation of cerebral edema but to actively reduce existing pressure.
D. Osmotic diuretics do not directly decrease brain oxygen consumption; their main function is to create an osmotic gradient that pulls fluid from the brain to reduce ICP.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Turning the client onto their operative side could increase pressure on the eye and is not an appropriate first action.
B. Administering prescribed pain medication and antiemetic is essential to address the client's severe pain and nausea, which are priority concerns in the postoperative period.
C. While it may be necessary to notify the surgeon if symptoms persist, the immediate priority is to alleviate the client's discomfort.
D. Reassuring the client that these symptoms are normal is misleading; severe pain and nausea postoperatively should be addressed promptly.

A. Profound hypocalcemia B. Thyroid Storm C. Diabetes Insipidus D. Severe Hypotension

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Profound hypocalcemia is not associated with hyperthyroidism; it is more common in hypoparathyroidism.
B. Thyroid Storm is a life-threatening complication of hyperthyroidism, characterized by high fever, tachycardia, hypertension, and altered mental status. It requires immediate medical intervention to prevent serious outcomes.
C. Diabetes Insipidus is unrelated to hyperthyroidism and typically occurs due to antidiuretic hormone dysfunction.
D. Severe hypotension is not a typical complication of hyperthyroidism; rather, hypertension is more likely due to increased metabolic rate and cardiac output.

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A nurse is preparing to administer an IV osmotic diuretic to a client with increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following should the nurse identify as the purpose of the medication?

Nursing Test Bank

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