A nurse is preparing to administer gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, to a client with a serious gram-negative infection.
The nurse understands that this class of antibiotics has a potential adverse effect on which organ system?
Renal
Hepatic
Cardiac
Hematologic.
The Correct Answer is A
Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that can cause kidney damage, reduced urine output, blood in the urine, and nephrotoxicity. Patients with impaired renal function, advanced age, dehydration, and those who receive high doses or prolonged therapy are at an increased risk of toxicity. Serum concentrations of gentamicin should be monitored when feasible to assure adequate levels and to avoid potentially toxic levels.
Choice B is wrong because Hepatic is wrong because gentamicin does not have a significant adverse effect on the liver. However, some rare cases of transient hepatomegaly and splenomegaly have been reported.
Choice C is wrong because Cardiac is wrong because gentamicin does not directly affect the heart. However, it can cause electrolyte imbalance (low levels of calcium, potassium, or magnesium in the blood) which can affect the cardiac rhythm. It can also cause hypotension or hypertension in some cases.
Choice D is wrong because Hematologic is wrong because gentamicin does not cause blood disorders. However, it can cause anemia, leukopenia, granulocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia in patients with preexisting renal impairment or who receive concomitant therapy with other nephrotoxic or hematotoxic drugs. It can also cause bleeding due to hypoprothrombinemia in patients with renal failure or who are on anticoagulant therapy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Slow down the infusion and administer an antihistamine.The client has developedred man syndrome, which is a common adverse reaction to vancomycin that occurs when the drug is infused too rapidly.It is not a serious or life-threatening condition and can be managed by slowing down the infusion rate and giving an antihistamine to relieve the symptoms.
Choice A is wrong because stopping the infusion and notifying the prescriber immediately is indicated for a severe allergic reaction or anaphylaxis, which is characterized by hypotension, bronchospasm, and laryngeal edema.
Red man syndrome does not cause these signs.
Choice C is wrong because continuing the infusion and documenting the findings is not appropriate for red man syndrome, which requires intervention to prevent further discomfort and complications.
Choice D is wrong because increasing the infusion rate and monitoring vital signs would worsen red man syndrome and increase the risk of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, which are serious adverse effects of vancomycin.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Nitrofurantoin is considered a narrow-spectrum drug because it is effective against only a limited range of bacteria, mainly gram-negative bacteria that cause urinary tract infections.
Some additional explanations are:
Choice A is wrong becauseCiprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum drug that can affect a wide range of bacteria, both gram-positive and gram-negative.
Choice C is wrong becauseTrimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is also a broad-spectrum drug that can inhibit the growth of many types of bacteria, including some gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Choice D is wrong because None of them is incorrect because nitrofurantoin is a narrow-spectrum drug as explained above.
Normal ranges for urinary tract infection microorganisms are:
• Escherichia coli: less than 10^5 CFU/mL
• Other bacteria: less than 10^4 CFU/mL
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.