A nurse is preparing to administer gentamycin ordered for the patient at 3mg/kg/day divided equally every 8 hours.

The patient is 100kg.

How much should each dose be?

Choice A rationale

The amount of stage 4 (deep, slow-wave) sleep actually decreases as individuals age. Older adults tend to have less deep sleep and more fragmented sleep patterns with increased awakenings.

Choice B rationale

Circadian rhythms, the body's internal clock regulating sleep-wake cycles, tend to become less prominent or more easily disrupted as clients age. This can lead to changes in sleep timing, such as earlier bedtimes and wake times.

Choice C rationale

Older clients typically take longer to fall asleep (increased sleep latency) compared to younger individuals due to various physiological and environmental factors.

Choice D rationale

Total sleep time generally decreases with age. Older adults often require and obtain less sleep per night compared to younger adults. This is a normal physiological change associated with aging.

Choice A rationale

Anticipatory Grieving is a normal response to an expected loss, such as the impending death of oneself or a loved one. While the client is facing death, her statement "Why me, Lord" and inability to pray suggest a struggle with her spiritual beliefs and meaning in the face of this event, rather than primarily focusing on the emotional preparation for loss.

Choice B rationale

Ineffective Coping refers to an inability to manage stressors effectively. While the client's distress indicates difficulty coping with her situation, the specific mention of spiritual questioning and inability to pray points towards a disturbance in her spiritual well-being, which is more accurately described by spiritual distress.

Choice C rationale

Low Self-Esteem involves negative feelings about oneself and one's worth. While facing death can impact self-esteem, the client's direct questioning of her faith and inability to connect spiritually are the more prominent indicators in this scenario, suggesting a conflict or disruption in her spiritual domain rather than primarily a devaluation of self.

Choice D rationale

Spiritual Distress is characterized by a disruption in one's belief or value system that provides strength, hope, and meaning to life. The client's cry of "Why me, Lord" and her inability to pray indicate a struggle with her faith and a potential feeling of abandonment or questioning of her spiritual beliefs in the face of death. This aligns directly with the defining characteristics of spiritual distress.