The nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a patient to assess the patient's nutritional status.
The nurse understands the laboratory finding that is the best indicator of inadequate protein intake is a:

High blood urea nitrogen.

Low specific gravity.

Low serum albumin.

High hemoglobin.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

High blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels primarily indicate impaired kidney function or dehydration, as urea is a waste product of protein metabolism filtered by the kidneys. While severe protein catabolism can elevate BUN, it is not the most direct or sensitive indicator of inadequate protein intake. Normal BUN ranges typically fall between 7 to 20 mg/dL.

Choice B rationale

Low specific gravity of urine suggests that the kidneys are excreting dilute urine, which can be caused by various factors such as excessive fluid intake, diabetes insipidus, or kidney dysfunction. It is not a reliable indicator of protein nutritional status. Normal urine specific gravity ranges from 1.005 to 1.030.

Choice C rationale

Serum albumin is a protein synthesized by the liver and is a key indicator of long-term protein status. Inadequate protein intake leads to decreased albumin synthesis, resulting in low serum albumin levels. Albumin has a relatively long half-life (around 20 days), making it a reflection of chronic protein deficiency. Normal serum albumin levels typically range from 3.5 to 5.0 g/dL.

Choice D rationale

Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells responsible for oxygen transport. While severe protein deficiency can eventually affect hemoglobin levels due to the protein component, it is not the most direct or immediate indicator of inadequate protein intake. Other factors like iron deficiency are more commonly associated with low hemoglobin. Normal hemoglobin ranges for adults are typically 13.5 to 17.5 g/dL for males and 12.0 to 15.5 g/dL for females.

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Correct Answer is ["100"]

Explanation

Step 1 is: Calculate the total daily dose: 3 mg/kg/day × 100 kg = 300 mg/day.

Step 2 is: Calculate the amount per dose: 300 mg/day ÷ 3 doses/day = 100 mg/dose.

The amount for each dose should be 100 mg.

A. An older adult client who has no family and is uncertain about moving to assisted living. B. A client who makes an informed decision not to participate in chemotherapy treatment. C. A client who has previously undergone a procedure that is to be performed for a second time. D. A client who has been educated on treatment options and chooses alternative treatments.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

An older adult client without family support who is uncertain about a significant life change like moving to assisted living is particularly vulnerable. The nurse advocate can help this client understand their options, express their concerns, and ensure their wishes are considered, as they may lack the resources or confidence to navigate this process independently, making advocacy crucial for their well-being and autonomy.

Choice B rationale

A client who makes an informed decision to refuse chemotherapy is exercising their autonomy. While the nurse supports this decision, the client is already empowered and making their own choices based on understanding, thus requiring less direct advocacy in the sense of ensuring their voice is heard or their rights are upheld against potential opposition.

Choice C rationale

A client undergoing a repeat procedure is likely familiar with the process and has presumably consented previously. While the nurse ensures they are still informed and comfortable, the need for strong advocacy to ensure their wishes are respected against external pressures is less pronounced compared to a vulnerable client facing a new and uncertain situation.

Choice D rationale

A client who chooses alternative treatments after being educated on conventional options is also exercising their autonomy based on their values and understanding. The nurse's role is to ensure this decision is informed, but the client is already acting as their own advocate by making a conscious choice, reducing the immediate need for external advocacy.

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The nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a patient to assess the patient's nutritional status.The nurse understands the laboratory finding that is the best indicator of inadequate protein intake is a:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is ["100"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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The nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a patient to assess the patient's nutritional status.
The nurse understands the laboratory finding that is the best indicator of inadequate protein intake is a: