A nurse is preparing to administer oral glucose to a pregnant woman who has gestational diabetes and is experiencing symptoms of hyperglycemia.

The nurse should use which of the following routes to administer the glucose?

Sublingual

Buccal

Oropharyngeal

Nasogastric

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

The correct answer is choice A. Sublingual.

The nurse should use the sublingual route to administer the glucose, which means placing the glucose under the tongue of the woman. This route allows for faster absorption of glucose into the bloodstream than the oral route, which involves swallowing the glucose. This is especially important for a pregnant woman with gestational diabetes and hyperglycemia, who needs to lower her blood sugar levels quickly to avoid complications for herself and her baby.

Choice B. Buccal is wrong because it means placing the glucose inside the cheek against the buccal mucosa. This route has been shown to result in a lower plasma glucose concentration than the oral route, which is not desirable for a woman with hyperglycemia.

Choice C. Oropharyngeal is wrong because it means placing the glucose in the back of the mouth near the throat. This route is not recommended for glucose administration because it can cause choking or aspiration.

Choice D. Nasogastric is wrong because it means inserting a tube through the nose into the stomach and delivering the glucose through the tube. This route is invasive and unnecessary for glucose administration, unless the woman is unable to take glucose by mouth.

Normal ranges for blood glucose levels during pregnancy are 3.5 to 5.9 mmol/l before meals and less than 7.8 mmol/l one hour after meals.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is

C. It transports glucose from the bloodstream into the cells for energy production.

Insulin is a hormone that regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.It promotes the absorption of glucose from the blood into cells, where it can be used for energy or stored as glycogen or fat.It also inhibits glucose production and secretion by the liver and stimulates lipogenesis and protein synthesis.Insulin is essential for cell metabolism and low insulin levels can cause catabolism of body fat.

A. It converts glucose into glycogen for storage in the liver and muscles.

This statement is partially true, but not the main role of insulin.

Insulin does stimulate the formation of glycogen from glucose in the liver and muscles, but this is not its primary function.Glycogen is a form of stored glucose that can be mobilized when blood glucose levels are low.Insulin also inhibits the breakdown of glycogen (glycogenolysis) and the synthesis of glucose from amino acids and fatty acids (gluconeogenesis) in the liver.

B. It breaks down glucose into carbon dioxide and water for excretion in the urine and lungs.

This statement is false.

Insulin does not break down glucose, but rather facilitates its uptake by cells.

Glucose is broken down by a process called glycolysis, which produces pyruvate and ATP (energy).

Pyruvate can then enter the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain to produce more ATP, carbon dioxide and water.Carbon dioxide is exhaled by the lungs and water is excreted by the kidneys.

Insulin has no direct role in these processes.

D. It stimulates glucose synthesis from amino acids and fatty acids in the liver.

This statement is false.

Insulin does not stimulate glucose synthesis, but rather inhibits it.

Glucose synthesis from non-carbohydrate sources, such as amino acids and fatty acids, is called gluconeogenesis.

This process occurs mainly in the liver and is stimulated by glucagon, a hormone that opposes insulin.Gluconeogenesis helps to maintain blood glucose levels when dietary intake or glycogen stores are low.Insulin suppresses gluconeogenesis by inhibiting the enzymes involved in this pathway.

A. Fasting blood glucose level of 95 mg/dL B. One-hour blood glucose level of 185 mg/dL C. Two-hour blood glucose level of 135 mg/dL D. Three-hour blood glucose level of 105 mg/dL

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The correct answer is choice B. One-hour blood glucose level of 185 mg/dL.

This indicates that the woman has impaired glucose tolerance, which is a risk factor for gestational diabetes.According to Mayo Clinic, a normal blood glucose level is lower than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) after a glucose tolerance test.

A blood glucose level between 140 and 199 mg/dL (7.8 and 11 mmol/L) is considered impaired glucose tolerance,

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A nurse is preparing to administer oral glucose to a pregnant woman who has gestational diabetes and is experiencing symptoms of hyperglycemia. The nurse should use which of the following routes to administer the glucose?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is explaining the role of insulin in glucose metabolism to a pregnant woman who has gestational diabetes. The nurse should tell the woman that insulin is a hormone that does which of the following?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is evaluating the blood glucose levels of a pregnant woman who has gestational diabetes after a glucose tolerance test. Which of the following results indicates that the woman has impaired glucose tolerance?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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A nurse is teaching a pregnant woman who has gestational diabetes about how to recognize and manage symptoms of hyperglycemia after delivery. Which of the following statements by the woman indicates an understanding of the teaching?

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A nurse is preparing to administer oral glucose to a pregnant woman who has gestational diabetes and is experiencing symptoms of hyperglycemia.

The nurse should use which of the following routes to administer the glucose?