A nurse is preparing to administer the initial dose of penicillin G IM to a client. The nurse should monitor for which of the following as an indication of an allergic reaction following the injection?

Urticaria, also known as hives, is a common sign of an allergic reaction to penicillin. An allergic reaction is an abnormal response of the immune system to the drug. Other signs and symptoms of penicillin allergy may include skin rash, itching, fever, swelling, shortness of breath, wheezing, runny nose, itchy eyes, and anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is a rare but life-threatening condition that affects multiple body systems and requires immediate emergency treatment.

Choice A is wrong because pallor is not a typical sign of an allergic reaction to penicillin.

Pallor means pale skin and may be caused by other conditions such as anemia or shock.

Choice B is wrong because bradycardia is not a typical sign of an allergic reaction to penicillin.

Bradycardia means slow heart rate and may be caused by other conditions such as heart block or medication side effects.

Choice D is wrong because dyspepsia is not a typical sign of an allergic reaction to penicillin.

Dyspepsia means indigestion and may be caused by other conditions such as gastritis or peptic ulcer.

This will help reduce swelling and discomfort caused by the infiltration of fluid into the tissues. Elevating the extremity also promotes venous return and prevents further fluid accumulation.

Choice A is wrong because applying pressure to the IV site can increase the risk of tissue damage and infection.

Pressure can also obstruct blood flow and cause thrombophlebitis.

Choice C is wrong because slowing the infusion rate will not stop the infiltration of fluid into the tissues.

Slowing the infusion rate can also delay the delivery of medication or fluid to the client.

Choice D is wrong because flushing the IV catheter can worsen the infiltration of fluid into the tissues.

Flushing the IV catheter can also introduce air or bacteria into the bloodstream and cause complications.

Normal ranges for peripheral IV infusion are dependent on the type and volume of fluid, the size and location of the catheter, and the condition of the client. Generally, peripheral IV infusion rates should not exceed 100 mL/hr for adults and 60 mL/hr for children.