A nurse is preparing to give routine medications to a client with a history of hypertension. The nurse recognizes the need to assess the clients blood pressure before and after administering which of the following medications?

Simvastatin

Metoprolol

Acetylsalicylic. Acid (Aspirin)

Metformin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Simvastatin: Simvastatin is a medication used to lower cholesterol levels and does not typically require monitoring of blood pressure before or after administration. While statins may have some indirect cardiovascular benefits, blood pressure is not directly affected by this medication, so it is not necessary to assess blood pressure before or after administering simvastatin.

B) Metoprolol: This is the correct answer. Metoprolol is a beta-blocker commonly used to treat hypertension and other cardiovascular conditions. It works by reducing heart rate and blood pressure. Therefore, it is important to assess the client's blood pressure both before and after administering metoprolol to ensure the medication is having the desired effect and to detect any adverse changes, such as hypotension or bradycardia.

C) Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin): Aspirin is primarily used for its antiplatelet effect, such as for preventing heart attacks or strokes, and it does not have a significant direct impact on blood pressure. While aspirin can have side effects, such as gastrointestinal irritation or bleeding, blood pressure monitoring is generally not necessary before or after administering aspirin.

D) Metformin: Metformin is used to manage type 2 diabetes by helping control blood glucose levels. It does not directly affect blood pressure, so routine blood pressure assessment is not required before or after giving metformin. However, monitoring for side effects like gastrointestinal distress or lactic acidosis is important, but blood pressure is not a priority for this medication.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Have the client lay prone for 30 minutes. 3-4 times a day:
This statement is correct. Lying prone (on the stomach) for 30 minutes several times a day helps to prevent hip flexion contractures, which are common complications after an above-the-knee amputation. By lying prone, the residual limb is stretched and the hip joint is kept in an extended position, which helps maintain proper alignment and reduces the risk of contractures. This is a key part of postoperative care to promote optimal positioning and rehabilitation.

B. Continue using the limb prosthesis even if the skin appears irritated:
This statement is incorrect. If the skin becomes irritated or damaged, the prosthesis should not be used until the skin has healed. Continued use of the prosthesis in the presence of skin irritation can cause further damage, leading to ulcers or infections. It is essential to regularly check the residual limb for irritation, redness, or sores and adjust the prosthesis as needed. If irritation is present, the prosthesis should be removed, and appropriate skin care should be provided.

C. Withhold medication for phantom limb pain as it isn't real pain:
This statement is incorrect. Phantom limb pain is real and a common experience for individuals after an amputation. It occurs when the brain perceives pain sensations in the area where the limb used to be, even though the limb is no longer there. Phantom limb pain is often treated with pain medications, including analgesics, anticonvulsants, or antidepressants, and should not be withheld. Proper management of phantom limb pain is important for the client's comfort and overall well-being.

D. Keep the residual limb elevated to achieve as close to 90-degree hip flexion as possible:
This statement is incorrect. While it is important to elevate the residual limb after surgery to reduce swelling, it should not be elevated to the point where the hip joint is flexed to 90 degrees. Elevating the limb too much or for prolonged periods can increase the risk of developing a hip flexion contracture, which would impair mobility. The residual limb should be elevated slightly, but the hip joint should not be excessively flexed. Ideally, the limb should be positioned in a neutral or extended position when elevated.

A. HD cholesterol 60 mg/di B. Total cholesterol 210 mg/at C. LDL cholesterol 110 me di D. Hgb A1C 5.3%

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) "HDL cholesterol 60 mg/dL":
This is not a risk factor. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is often referred to as "good cholesterol" because it helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream, lowering the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. An HDL level of 60 mg/dL is considered protective against cardiovascular disease, as higher levels of HDL are associated with a lower risk of heart disease.

B) "Total cholesterol 210 mg/dL":
This is not a significant risk factor on its own. While total cholesterol above 200 mg/dL is a general indicator for cardiovascular risk, it is not as important as the breakdown of individual lipid components (HDL, LDL). A total cholesterol of 210 mg/dL is only slightly above the ideal less than 200 mg/dL, and on its own, it is not a strong indicator of increased cardiovascular risk without considering other factors like LDL and HDL levels.

C) "LDL cholesterol 110 mg/dL":
. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is known as "bad cholesterol" because it can lead to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, increasing the risk for atherosclerosis, heart disease, and stroke. An LDL level of 110 mg/dL is considered to be above optimal. For individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease, the target LDL cholesterol level is usually less than 100 mg/dL, and for those with high risk, it may be less than 70 mg/dL. Therefore, this level of LDL cholesterol places the client at increased risk for cardiovascular disease.

D) "Hgb A1C 5.3%":
This is not a risk factor. An Hgb A1C of 5.3% is within the normal range for glycemic control. The American Diabetes Association defines normal A1C as below 5.7%. A1C levels between 5.7% and 6.4% are considered pre-diabetes, and a level of 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes. A normal A1C level indicates no significant elevated blood glucose, which would be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

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A nurse is preparing to give routine medications to a client with a history of hypertension. The nurse recognizes the need to assess the clients blood pressure before and after administering which of the following medications?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following interventions should the nurse include when caring for a client who is returning from surgery for an above-the-knee amputation?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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